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ENERGY AND MATERIAL FLOW THROUGH THE URBAN ECOSYSTEM (2000)
BibTeX
@MISC{Fui00energyand,
author = {P Fui and Ethan H. Decker and Scott Elliott and Felisa A. Smith and Donald R. Blake and F. Sherwood Rowl},
title = {ENERGY AND MATERIAL FLOW THROUGH THE URBAN ECOSYSTEM},
year = {2000}
}
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Abstract
Key Words megacity biogeochemistry, city succession, industrial metabolism, air pollution, system simulations n Abstract This paper reviews the available data and models on energy and mate-rial flows through the world’s 25 largest cities. Throughput is categorized as stored, transformed, or passive for the major flow modes. The aggregate, fuel, food, water, and air cycles are all examined. Emphasis is placed on atmospheric pathways because the data are abundant. Relevant models of urban energy and material flows, demogra-phy, and atmospheric chemistry are discussed. Earth system–level loops from cities to neighboring ecosystems are identified. Megacities are somewhat independent of their immediate environment for food, fuel, and aggregate inputs, but all are constrained by their regional environment for supplying water and absorbing wastes. We elaborate on analogies with biological metabolism and ecosystem succession as useful concep-tual frameworks for addressing urban ecological problems. We conclude that whereas data are numerous for some individual cities, cross-cutting compilations are lacking in biogeochemical analysis and modeling. Synthesis of the existing information will
Keyphrases
energy material flow urban ecosystem neighboring ecosystem material flow biogeochemical analysis earth system level loop atmospheric pathway regional environment urban ecological problem whereas data relevant model immediate environment key word megacity biogeochemistry urban energy mate-rial flow industrial metabolism useful concep-tual framework city succession aggregate input available data air pollution ecosystem succession biological metabolism individual city air cycle system simulation major flow mode cross-cutting compilation atmospheric chemistry
