Calibration-free augmented reality

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Calibration-free augmented reality (1998)

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by Kiriakos N. Kutulakos , James R. Vallino , Student Member

Venue:	IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Citations:	106 - 0 self

BibTeX

@ARTICLE{Kutulakos98calibration-freeaugmented,
    author = {Kiriakos N. Kutulakos and James R. Vallino and Student Member},
    title = {Calibration-free augmented reality},
    journal = {IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics},
    year = {1998}
}

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Abstract

Abstract—Camera calibration and the acquisition of Euclidean 3D measurements have so far been considered necessary requirements for overlaying three-dimensional graphical objects with live video. In this article, we describe a new approach to videobased augmented reality that avoids both requirements: It does not use any metric information about the calibration parameters of the camera or the 3D locations and dimensions of the environment’s objects. The only requirement is the ability to track across frames at least four fiducial points that are specified by the user during system initialization and whose world coordinates are unknown. Our approach is based on the following observation: Given a set of four or more noncoplanar 3D points, the projection of all points in the set can be computed as a linear combination of the projections of just four of the points. We exploit this observation by 1) tracking regions and color fiducial points at frame rate, and 2) representing virtual objects in a non-Euclidean, affine frame of reference that allows their projection to be computed as a linear combination of the projection of the fiducial points. Experimental results on two augmented reality systems, one monitor-based and one head-mounted, demonstrate that the approach is readily implementable, imposes minimal computational and hardware requirements, and generates real-time and accurate video overlays even when the camera parameters vary dynamically. Index Terms—Augmented reality, real-time computer vision, calibration, registration, affine representations, feature tracking, 3D interaction techniques.

Keyphrases

fiducial point linear combination virtual object world coordinate camera parameter necessary requirement new approach environment object real-time computer vision index term augmented reality frame rate following observation calibration parameter color fiducial point interaction technique affine representation tracking region feature tracking three-dimensional graphical object accurate video overlay hardware requirement metric information affine frame augmented reality system augmented reality system initialization experimental result abstract camera calibration live video

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