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Social class and teacher expectations: The self-fulfilling prophecy in ghetto education (1970)
| Venue: | Harvard Educational Review |
| Citations: | 204 - 0 self |
BibTeX
@ARTICLE{Rist70socialclass,
author = {Ray C. Rist},
title = {Social class and teacher expectations: The self-fulfilling prophecy in ghetto education},
journal = {Harvard Educational Review},
year = {1970},
pages = {411--451}
}
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Abstract
Many studies have shown that academic achievement is highly correlated with social class. Few, however, have attempted to explain exactly how the school helps to reinforce the class structure of the society. In this article Dr. Rist reports the results of an observational study of one class of ghetto children during their kindergarten, first- and second-grade years. He shows how the kindergarten teacher placed the children in reading groups which reflected the social class composition of the class, and how these groups persisted throughout the first several years of elementary school. The way in which the teacher behaved toward the different groups became an important influence on the children's achievement. Dr. Rist concludes by exam-ining the relationship between the "caste " system of the classroom and the class system of the larger society. A dominant aspect of the American ethos is that education is both a necessary and a desirable experience for all children. To that end, compulsory attendance at
Keyphrases
social class self-fulfilling prophecy ghetto education teacher expectation academic achievement important influence first several year social class composition many study article dr desirable experience compulsory attendance dominant aspect class structure ghetto child elementary school different group second-grade year american ethos observational study class system caste system rist concludes
