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Cosmology, Black Holes and Shock Waves Beyond the Hubble Length (2003)
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BibTeX
@MISC{Smoller03cosmology,black,
author = {Joel Smoller and Blake Temple},
title = {Cosmology, Black Holes and Shock Waves Beyond the Hubble Length},
year = {2003}
}
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Abstract
We construct exact, entropy satisfying shock wave solutions of the Einstein equations for a perfect fluid which extend the Oppeheimer-Snyder (OS) model to the case of non-zero pressure, inside the Black Hole. These solutions put forth a new Cosmological Model in which the expanding Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe emerges from the Big Bang with a shock wave at the leading edge of the expansion, analogous to a classical shock wave explosion. This explosion is large enough to account for the enormous scale on which the galaxies and the background radiation appear uniform. In these models, the shock wave must lie beyond one Hubble length from the FRW center, this threshhold being the boundary across which the bounded mass lies inside its own Schwarzshild radius, 2M/r> 1, and thus the shock wave solution evolves inside a Black Hole. The entropy condition, which breaks the time symmetry, implies that the shock wave must weaken until it eventually settles down to a zero pressure OS interface, bounding a finite total mass, that emerges from the White Hole event horizon of an ambient Schwarzschild spacetime. However, unlike shock matching outside a Black Hole, the equation of state p = c2 3 ρ, the equation of state at the earliest stage of Big Bang physics, is distinguished at the instant of the Big Bang—for this equation of state alone, the shock wave emerges from the Big Bang at a finite nonzero speed, the speed of light, decelerating to a subluminous wave from that time onward. These shock wave solutions indicate a new cosmological model in which the Big Bang arises from a localized explosion occurring inside the Black Hole of an asymptotically flat Schwarzschild spacetime. 1
Keyphrases
black hole big bang shock wave hubble length shock wave beyond new cosmological model localized explosion zero pressure o interface schwarzshild radius finite total mass flat schwarzschild spacetime perfect fluid background radiation einstein equation bounded mass solution evolves time symmetry subluminous wave finite nonzero speed big bang physic non-zero pressure entropy condition white hole event horizon ambient schwarzschild spacetime classical shock wave explosion frw center enormous scale state c2
