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The Duchenne smile: emotional expression and brain physiology (1990)
| Venue: | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology |
| Citations: | 188 - 5 self |
BibTeX
@ARTICLE{Ekman90theduchenne,
author = {Paul Ekman and Wallace V. Friesen and Richard J. Davidson},
title = {The Duchenne smile: emotional expression and brain physiology},
journal = {Journal of Personality and Social Psychology},
year = {1990}
}
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Abstract
Facial expression, EEG, and self-report of subjective emotional experience were recorded while sub-jects individually watched both pleasant and unpleasant films. Smiling in which the muscle that orbits the eye is active in addition to the muscle that pulls the lip corners up (the Duchenne smile) was compared with other smiling in which the muscle orbiting the eye was not active. As predicted, the Duchenne smile was related to enjoyment in terms of occurring more often during the pleasant than the unpleasant films, in measures of cerebral asymmetry, and in relation to subjective reports of positive emotions, and other smiling was not. In the introduction to his book The Expression of the Emo-tions in Man and Animals (1872/1955), Darwin described his indebtedness to the French anatomist Duchenne de Boulogne, who had published his Mecanisme de la Physionomie Humaine 10 years earlier, in 1862. Darwin explained how Duchenne analyses by means of electricity, and illustrates by magnificent pho-tographs, the movements of the facial muscles.... No one has more carefully studied the contraction of each separate muscle,
