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...quirements when they describe the system qualitiessthey want built in laymen’s terms, qualitatively citingsspecifications with accompanying verbal descriptionssof how the functionality should be used =-=[5]-=-. However,sfor the satisfaction method to be performed on moresconcrete basis, stakeholders may agree to identify thesNFRs with crisp indicators with defined acceptablesvalues for those indicators to ...

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...Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA 2007) 0-7695-2977-1/07 $25.00s© 2007 theoretically valid because the COSMIC-FFP unitsof measurement, the Cfsu, is on the ratio scale =-=[17]-=-.sFigure 5 illustrates this process.sTo make sure we properly integrate thesfunctional size measurement process into the NFRsframework, we suggest that size and effortsestimation be performed right af...

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...y is High; if it is within the [0.5, 0.75 range,]sthen the assigned priority is Medium, [0.25, 0.5] Lowsor [0, 0.25] Negligible.sMore discussion on prioritizing NFRs and NFRsconflicts is presented in =-=[7, 9]-=-.s33rd EUROMICRO Conference on Software Engineering and Advanced Applications (SEAA 2007) 0-7695-2977-1/07 $25.00s© 2007 Figure 4: Employing the MAUA in an NFR frameworksFigure 5: Calculating the func...

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...n 3, we address the need to model NFRs definedswith crisp indicators within the NFR framework.sFurther work on NFR’s satisfaction and the factorsscontributing to the satisfaction task is presented in =-=[11,s19, 20, 21, 22]-=-.s3. Extending the NFR frameworksThe tendency to treat NFRs as softgoals can oftensadd ambiguity to the requirements specifications. Forsexample, the response time in a user interface isstypically sof...

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...scriminates among competingssoftware products. Empirical reports consistentlysindicate that improperly dealing with NFRs leads tosproject failures, long delays or significant increases insfinal costs =-=[1,2]-=-, and hencesthe need to dealscomprehensively with them. While NFRs have a longshistory in Requirements Engineering (RE), the NFRsframework [3] was the first to include a processoriented and qualitativ...

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...Applications (SEAA 2007) 0-7695-2977-1/07 $25.00s© 2007 Our paper agrees with this second viewpoint onsquantifying NFRs. It is also consistent with thesposition taken by RE researchers regarding NFRss=-=[1,11,12,16]-=-, according to which not all of themsshould be decomposed into FRs. If NFRs serve assnorms [11] and as criteria for making architecturalsdesign choices, then they should not be decomposedsinto FRs. Ex...

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...n 3, we address the need to model NFRs definedswith crisp indicators within the NFR framework.sFurther work on NFR’s satisfaction and the factorsscontributing to the satisfaction task is presented in =-=[11,s19, 20, 21, 22]-=-.s3. Extending the NFR frameworksThe tendency to treat NFRs as softgoals can oftensadd ambiguity to the requirements specifications. Forsexample, the response time in a user interface isstypically sof...

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...ficed for the performance to bessatisficed. The AND contribution is represented by assingle arc, and the OR by a double arc. Furthersdiscussion on the original concept of the softgoal isspresented in =-=[5, 6]-=-. A major drawback in the NFRsframework is that “satisficing” a goal is defined in asfuzzy way. It is impossible to make a system satisfy assoftgoal like “usability'” because the goal cannot besclearl...

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...ionalization.sTo the best of our knowledge, we are the first tosattempt to measure the size of NFRsoperationalizations. In our approach, we apply thesCOSMIC FFP method for functional sizesmeasurement =-=[10]-=-, which does the following: (i) itstakes as input those FRs that result from NFRsdecomposition; and (ii) yields as output thescontribution of the NFR to project size, and,sultimately, to the estimated...

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...Applications (SEAA 2007) 0-7695-2977-1/07 $25.00s© 2007 Our paper agrees with this second viewpoint onsquantifying NFRs. It is also consistent with thesposition taken by RE researchers regarding NFRss=-=[1,11,12,16]-=-, according to which not all of themsshould be decomposed into FRs. If NFRs serve assnorms [11] and as criteria for making architecturalsdesign choices, then they should not be decomposedsinto FRs. Ex...

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...h priority are identified by an exclamation point (!).sThe NFR framework deals with prioritization on asqualitative basis.sIn our approach, we use the Multi-Attribute UtilitysAssessment (MAUA) method =-=[4]-=- to manage thesprioritization of NFRs in the context of the NFRsframework. We selected it because it is intuitive andsquantitative, and it has been used in earlier NFRsstudies. MAUA provides scoring a...

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...scriminates among competingssoftware products. Empirical reports consistentlysindicate that improperly dealing with NFRs leads tosproject failures, long delays or significant increases insfinal costs =-=[1,2]-=-, and hencesthe need to dealscomprehensively with them. While NFRs have a longshistory in Requirements Engineering (RE), the NFRsframework [3] was the first to include a processoriented and qualitativ...

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...pend on theslevel of interdependency between the NFRs, and,smore specifically, on the defined conflicts betweensthem. To objectively assess NFR conflicts, wespropose to use the local conflict measure =-=[23]-=-,swhich reports on the level of conflict (LLC: LocalsLevel of Conflict) for each piece of functionality,sbased on the list of NFRs that interact at thissfunctionality:sLLC(f) = {(NFRk,NFRl)•NFRk,NFRl...

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...n 3, we address the need to model NFRs definedswith crisp indicators within the NFR framework.sFurther work on NFR’s satisfaction and the factorsscontributing to the satisfaction task is presented in =-=[11,s19, 20, 21, 22]-=-.s3. Extending the NFR frameworksThe tendency to treat NFRs as softgoals can oftensadd ambiguity to the requirements specifications. Forsexample, the response time in a user interface isstypically sof...

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...nsform to fill in the label characteristicsindicating the decision on the level ofssatisfaction.s5.2 Viewpoints to adopt when managingsNFRsState-of-the-art functional size measurements(FSM) practices =-=[14,15,17]-=- suggest that a choice besmade between two perspectives which estimatorssmay adopt when approaching the NFRs in a project.sThe first (and still predominant) viewpoint on howsto quantify the NFRs impli...

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...ms of functional sizesimplies that less effort needs to be invested in thesimplementation of the particular NFR.sMore onsusing the COSMIC-FFP for measuring thesfunctional size of NFRs is presented in =-=[18]-=-.sFurthermore, we use the functional size numberssto obtain a rough estimate of the effort needed tosimplement the NFRs. Effort is usually measured insperson-months; earlier experiments suggest that o...