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.... The term LWB has been introduced by Martin Fowler [2] in 2004, even though such tools can already be found in the 80s and 90s (examples include the Synthesizer Generator [3] or the Meta Environment =-=[4]-=-). Contemporary examples include Rascal [5], Spoofax [6] or MPS, discussed below. An overview and comparison of today’s LWBs can be found in [7]. JetBrains MPS4 is a open source LWB licensed under Apa...

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...ilers, interpreters and IDEs. The term LWB has been introduced by Martin Fowler [2] in 2004, even though such tools can already be found in the 80s and 90s (examples include the Synthesizer Generator =-=[3]-=- or the Meta Environment [4]). Contemporary examples include Rascal [5], Spoofax [6] or MPS, discussed below. An overview and comparison of today’s LWBs can be found in [7]. JetBrains MPS4 is a open s...

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...are environments that support the efficient implementation of languages and associated tools such as type checkers, compilers, interpreters and IDEs. The term LWB has been introduced by Martin Fowler =-=[2]-=- in 2004, even though such tools can already be found in the 80s and 90s (examples include the Synthesizer Generator [3] or the Meta Environment [4]). Contemporary examples include Rascal [5], Spoofax...

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...in 2004, even though such tools can already be found in the 80s and 90s (examples include the Synthesizer Generator [3] or the Meta Environment [4]). Contemporary examples include Rascal [5], Spoofax =-=[6]-=- or MPS, discussed below. An overview and comparison of today’s LWBs can be found in [7]. JetBrains MPS4 is a open source LWB licensed under Apache 2.0. It has been developed by JetBrains over the las...

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...n Fowler [2] in 2004, even though such tools can already be found in the 80s and 90s (examples include the Synthesizer Generator [3] or the Meta Environment [4]). Contemporary examples include Rascal =-=[5]-=-, Spoofax [6] or MPS, discussed below. An overview and comparison of today’s LWBs can be found in [7]. JetBrains MPS4 is a open source LWB licensed under Apache 2.0. It has been developed by JetBrains...

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...he IDE. Multiple independently developed extensions can be used together, and new extensions can be developed and used at any time. A classification of language composition approaches is discussed in =-=[1]-=-. A promising approach to developing modular languages is to use language workbenches. LWBs are environments that support the efficient implementation of languages and associated tools such as type ch...

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...of many application domains. The implementation of modular languages is also simplified. Since no grammars are used, the limitations of composability known from grammars (and described wonderfully in =-=[9]-=-) do not apply. Of course, composition of languages still requires the alignment of the semantics (which can be a challenge), but from a purely syntactical perspective, there is no limit to composabil...

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...hestra.com/ide/ of our users (programmers and non-programmers) are happy with the editor after a few days of getting used to it. MPS addresses this challenge with a variety of approaches discussed in =-=[10]-=-; we mention two examples here. MPS supports linear editing of expressions such as 2+3 instead of requiring to first enter + and then the two arguments. Even though no parser is used because every tok...

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...urce LWB licensed under Apache 2.0. It has been developed by JetBrains over the last 10 years, based on the initiative of Sergey Dmitriev. MPS is used in a number of projects in computational biology =-=[8]-=-, web applications5, embedded software development, requirements engineering and insurance DSLs (the latter three are discussed later in this article). MPS’ most distinguishing feature is its projecti...

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...t formatting: countries and price groups are references to variables defined elsewhere. To further support the integrating prose and formal aspects, arbitrary program nodes can be embedded into prose =-=[13]-=-. The example embeds variable definitions, which are automatically renamed during refactorings. It also embeds price calculation formulas. The formulas are real, type checked expressions. During imple...

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...ir new controls engineering tool. Among other things, support for graphical data flow models and tabular data dictionaries is being added to mbeddr. The experience with mbeddr so far is summarized in =-=[11]-=-. 3 Example: Requirements Engineering Context Requirements are usually expressed as prose, plus some structured data such as tables. There is tool support beyond Word or Excel, exemplified by DOORS7. ...

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...tach traces to arbitrary program elements, expressed in any implementation language. Most of today’s development tools do not support this. Solution Approach mbeddr comes with a requirements language =-=[12]-=-. It represents each requirement with a unique ID, a summary, and a prose description. In addition, it allows embedding code expressed in any language into requirements, with full IDE support for thos...