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Using firm-level data on offshoring of Korean manufacturers, the paper examines the relationship between firm heterogeneity and the probability of adopting offshoring. The results of the paper suggest that firm productivity may not be an important determinant for Korean firms ‘ offshoring decision. Firm‘s global sourcing decision may rather depend on other characteristics such as factor intensity, R&D intensity, ICT level, and affiliation with foreign markets, when industry specificity is controlled for. 1

An increasing number of firms outsource peripheral functions in order to stay focused on their core capabilities. This paper contributes to a limited body of empirical research on the relationship between intermediate inputs offshoring and firm productivity. We use a unique firm-level panel data set of Slovenian manufacturing firms operating in the period 1994–2005 with a detailed accounting information and foreign trade data. Using propensity score matching techniques combined with the difference-in-differences approach, We analyze whether firms that start importing intermediate inputs become more productive. The results imply that new importers exhibit temporal boost in productivity growth and increase productivity level relative to non-importing control group over a medium term. In the first year, offshoring brings about a 20 % increase in labour productivity and an equivalent growth of total factor productivity. Despite the short-lived year-on-year growth rates of productivity in excess of non-importers, cumulative gain in productivity of new importers after four years remains significant at around 37 % for labour productivity and 35 % for total factor productivity.

Las opiniones contenidas en los Documentos de la Serie DEFI, reflejan exclusivamente las de los autores y no necesariamente las de FEDEA. The opinions in the DEFI Series are the responsibility of the authors an therefore, do not necessarily coincide with those of the FEDEA. DETERMINANTS OF OUTSOURCING PRODUCTION: A Dynamic Panel Data Approach for Manufacturing Industries♣.

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by Stefano Costa * and Giovanni Ferri§ Using firm-level data for Italy, we address the employment consequences of international production offshoring. We concur with previous literature that offshoring firms ’ individual employment performances are no worse than at matching non-offshoring firms. However, offshoring might impart negative spillover effects on subcontracting firms, and this indirect effect might be felt particularly in Italy’s industrial structure (small-sized networked enterprises). To study this, we group firms within their typical subcontracting clusters, identify high-offshoring clusters and compare them with a matching low-offshoring sample. The evidence that employment performances worsen in the productive clusters with high-offshoring supports our conjecture.

The quest to enhance productivity makes outsourcing not only an important corporate strategy, but a focus of public policy as well. Existing studies consider correlations between outsourcing and productivity. This paper attempts to examine causation. We use annual time series data for Canada on international outsourcing of services, and total factor productivity for the period 1961-2005 for three sectors: manufacturing; business services; and all other services. The statistical results reveal startling differences in the direction of causality across sectors. This has implications for how trade liberalization, for example, can be expected to affect the contribution of services to national productivity growth. 1.

Manuscript first received/Recebido em 25/02/2013 Manuscript accepted/Aprovado em: 12/03/2013 Address for correspondence / Endereço para correspondência

This paper empirically examines how technology and capital intensity are related with the firm’s global sourcing decision. Firm-level data are derived from a survey covering all manufacturing industries in Japan without any firm-size threshold. Firms are disaggregated by their make-or-buy decision (in-house or outsourcing) and by their choice of sourcing location (offshore or domestic). Capital-intensive or R&D-intensive firms tend to source in-house from their FDI affiliates rather than outsourcing to independent suppliers. This paper also confirms that high productivity is related with offshore sourcing. These findings are basically robust even after industry and firm-size are controlled for.

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