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SNIP: A Sensor Node-Initiated Probing Mechanism for Opportunistic Data Collection in Sparse Wireless Sensor Networks
- Proc. 1st Int. Workshop on Cyber-Physical Networking Systems, April 10–15
, 2011
"... Abstract-In many potential wireless sensor network applications, the cost of the base station infrastructure can be prohibitive. Instead, we consider the opportunistic use of mobile devices carried by people in daily life to collect sensor data. As the movement of these mobile nodes is by definitio ..."
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Cited by 10 (7 self)
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Abstract-In many potential wireless sensor network applications, the cost of the base station infrastructure can be prohibitive. Instead, we consider the opportunistic use of mobile devices carried by people in daily life to collect sensor data. As the movement of these mobile nodes is by definition uncontrolled, contact probing is a challenging task, particularly for sensor nodes which need to be duty-cycled to achieve long life. We propose a Sensor Node-Initiated Probing mechanism for improving the contact capacity when the duty cycle of a sensor node is fixed. In contrast to existing mobile node-initiated probing mechanisms, in which the mobile node broadcasts a beacon periodically, in SNIP the sensor node broadcasts a beacon each time its radio is turned on according to its duty cycle. We study SNIP through both analysis and network simulation. The evaluation results indicate that SNIP performs much better than mobile-initiated probing. When the fixed duty cycle is lower than 1%, the probed contact capacity can be increased by an order of 2-10; alternatively, SNIP can achieve the same amount of probed contact capacity with much less energy consumption.
Exploiting rush hours for energy-efficient contact probing in opportunistic data collection
- In IEEE ICDCS Workshops
, 2011
"... Abstract—In many potential wireless sensor network applications, the cost of the base station infrastructure can be prohibitive. Instead, we consider the use of mobile devices carried by people in their daily life to collect sensor data opportunistically. As the movement of these mobile nodes is, by ..."
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Cited by 6 (6 self)
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Abstract—In many potential wireless sensor network applications, the cost of the base station infrastructure can be prohibitive. Instead, we consider the use of mobile devices carried by people in their daily life to collect sensor data opportunistically. As the movement of these mobile nodes is, by definition, uncontrolled, contact probing becomes a challenging task, particularly for sensor nodes which need to be aggressively duty-cycled to achieve long life. It has been reported that when the duty-cycle of a sensor node is fixed, SNIP, a sensor node-initiated probing mechanism, performs much better than mobile node-initiated probing mechanisms. Considering that the intended applications are delaytolerant, mobile nodes tend to follow some repeated mobility patterns, and contacts are distributed unevenly in temporal, SNIP-RH is proposed in this paper to further improve the performance of contact probing through exploiting Rush Hours during which contacts arrive more frequently. In SNIP-RH, SNIP is activated only when the time is within Rush Hours and there are enough data to be uploaded in the next probed contact. As for the duty-cycle, it is selected based on the mean of contact length that is learned online. Both analysis and simulation results indicate that under a typical simulated roadside wireless sensor network scenario, SNIP-RH can significantly reduce the energy consumed for probing the contacts, that are necessary for uploading the sensed data, or significantly increase the probed contact capacity under a sensor node’s energy budget for contact probing. I.
Accessing Data Transfer Reliability for Duty Cycled Mobile Wireless Sensor Network
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Camera Based Navigation System with Augmented Reality
"... Abstract—Nowadays smart mobile devices have enough processing power, memory, storage and always connected wireless communication bandwidth that makes them available for any type of application. Augmented reality (AR) proposes a new type of applications that tries to enhance the real world by superim ..."
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Abstract—Nowadays smart mobile devices have enough processing power, memory, storage and always connected wireless communication bandwidth that makes them available for any type of application. Augmented reality (AR) proposes a new type of applications that tries to enhance the real world by superimposing or combining virtual objects or computer generated information with it. In this paper we present a camera based navigation system with augmented reality integration. The proposed system aims to the following: the user points the camera of the smartphone towards a point of interest, like a building or any other place, and the application searches for relevant information about that specific place and superimposes the data over the video feed on the display. When the user moves the camera away, changing its orientation, the data changes as well, in real-time, with the proper information about the place that is now in the camera view. and the accelerometer to obtain the orientation and angle of the device. The data received from these sensors is then used to look up information about the target on the Internet, on different websites. The goal of this project is to develop an Augmented Reality solution for Windows Mobile devices based on Wikimapia and different sensors available on the device, such as the GPS receiver, compass and accelerometer. The advantages of this system over a normal map are that it is much simpler to use, the device is just pointed at the building/place you want recognized and the application will show its name, calculate how far away you are from the building, show additional information and pictures of that building, recognize different parts of the building and will also allow you to see a list of all the other buildings in the vicinity. I.
2011 31st International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems Workshops Exploiting Rush Hours for Energy-Efficient Contact Probing in Opportunistic Data Collection
"... Abstract—In many potential wireless sensor network applications, the cost of the base station infrastructure can be prohibitive. Instead, we consider the use of mobile devices carried by people in their daily life to collect sensor data opportunistically. As the movement of these mobile nodes is, by ..."
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Abstract—In many potential wireless sensor network applications, the cost of the base station infrastructure can be prohibitive. Instead, we consider the use of mobile devices carried by people in their daily life to collect sensor data opportunistically. As the movement of these mobile nodes is, by definition, uncontrolled, contact probing becomes a challenging task, particularly for sensor nodes which need to be aggressively duty-cycled to achieve long life. It has been reported that when the duty-cycle of a sensor node is fixed, SNIP, a sensor node-initiated probing mechanism, performs much better than mobile node-initiated probing mechanisms. Considering that the intended applications are delaytolerant, mobile nodes tend to follow some repeated mobility patterns, and contacts are distributed unevenly in temporal, SNIP-RH is proposed in this paper to further improve the performance of contact probing through exploiting Rush Hours during which contacts arrive more frequently. In SNIP-RH, SNIP is activated only when the time is within Rush Hours and there are enough data to be uploaded in the next probed contact. As for the duty-cycle, it is selected based on the mean of contact length that is learned online. Both analysis and simulation results indicate that under a typical simulated roadside wireless sensor network scenario, SNIP-RH can significantly reduce the energy consumed for probing the contacts, that are necessary for uploading the sensed data, or significantly increase the probed contact capacity under a sensor node’s energy budget for contact probing. I.
The First International Workshop on Cyber-Physical Networking Systems SNIP: A Sensor Node-Initiated Probing Mechanism for Opportunistic Data Collection in Sparse Wireless Sensor Networks
"... Abstract—In many potential wireless sensor network applications, the cost of the base station infrastructure can be prohibitive. Instead, we consider the opportunistic use of mobile devices carried by people in daily life to collect sensor data. As the movement of these mobile nodes is by definition ..."
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Abstract—In many potential wireless sensor network applications, the cost of the base station infrastructure can be prohibitive. Instead, we consider the opportunistic use of mobile devices carried by people in daily life to collect sensor data. As the movement of these mobile nodes is by definition uncontrolled, contact probing is a challenging task, particularly for sensor nodes which need to be duty-cycled to achieve long life. We propose a Sensor Node-Initiated Probing mechanism for improving the contact capacity when the duty cycle of a sensor node is fixed. In contrast to existing mobile node-initiated probing mechanisms, in which the mobile node broadcasts a beacon periodically, in SNIP the sensor node broadcasts a beacon each time its radio is turned on according to its duty cycle. We study SNIP through both analysis and network simulation. The evaluation results indicate that SNIP performs much better than mobile-initiated probing. When the fixed duty cycle is lower than 1%, the probed contact capacity can be increased by an order of 2-10; alternatively, SNIP can achieve the same amount of probed contact capacity with much less energy consumption. I.
A Framework for Resource-Aware Data Accumulation in Sparse Wireless Sensor Networks
"... Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become an enabling technology for a wide range of applications. In contrast with traditional scenarios where static sensor nodes are densely deployed, a sparse WSN architecture can also be used in many cases. In a sparse WSN, special mobile data collectors (MDCs) ..."
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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become an enabling technology for a wide range of applications. In contrast with traditional scenarios where static sensor nodes are densely deployed, a sparse WSN architecture can also be used in many cases. In a sparse WSN, special mobile data collectors (MDCs) are used to gather data from ordinary sensor nodes. In general, sensor nodes do not know when they will be in contact with the MDC, hence they need to discover its presence in their communication range. To this end, discovery mechanisms based on periodic listening and a duty-cycle have shown to be effective in reducing the energy consumption of sensor nodes. However, if not properly tuned, such mechanisms can hinder the data collection process. In this paper, we introduce a Resource-Aware Data Accumulation (RADA), a novel and lightweight framework which allows nodes to learn the MDC arrival pattern, and tune the discovery duty-cycle accordingly. Furthermore, RADA is able to adapt to changes in the operating conditions, and is capable of effectively supporting a number of different MDC mobility patterns. Simulation results show that our solution obtains a higher discovery efficiency and a lower energy consumption than comparable schemes.
doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxv005 Contact Probing Mechanisms for Opportunistic Sensor Data Collection
, 2014
"... In many emerging wireless sensor network scenarios, the use of a fixed infrastructure of base stations for data collection is either infeasible, or prohibitive in terms of deployment and maintenance costs. Instead, we consider the use of mobile devices (i.e. smartphones) carried by people in their d ..."
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In many emerging wireless sensor network scenarios, the use of a fixed infrastructure of base stations for data collection is either infeasible, or prohibitive in terms of deployment and maintenance costs. Instead, we consider the use of mobile devices (i.e. smartphones) carried by people in their daily life to collect data from sensor nodes opportunistically. As the movement of these mobile nodes is, by definition, not controlled for the purpose of data collection, synchronization through contact probing becomes a challenging task, particularly for sensor nodes, which need to be aggressively duty-cycled to conserve energy and achieve long lifetimes. This paper formulates this important problem, providing an analytical solution framework and systematically investigating the effective use of contact probing for opportunistic data collection. We present two new solutions, Sensor Node-Initiated Probing (SNIP) and SNIP-Rush Hours, the latter taking advantage of the temporal locality of human mobility. These schemes are evaluated using numerical analysis and COOJA network simulations, and the results are validated on a small sensor testbed and with the real-world human mobility traces from Nokia MDC Dataset. Our experimental results quantify the relative performance of alternative solutions on sensor node energy consumption and the efficacy of contact probing for data collection, allowing us to offer insights on this important emerging problem.
doi:10.1155/2012/947251 Research Article Time-Independent Data Collection Protocol in Mobility-Assistant Wireless Sensor Networks with Duty Cycles
, 2012
"... which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Mobility-assistant sensor networks comprise mobile elements, and static sensors are established for the purpose of solving the serious problems such as overlapping or energy ho ..."
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which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Mobility-assistant sensor networks comprise mobile elements, and static sensors are established for the purpose of solving the serious problems such as overlapping or energy holes in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In such systems, most of the energy is consumed when the radios are on, waiting for a mobile sink (MS) to arrive. Sleep/wake scheduling is an effective mechanism to prolong the lifetime of these energy-constrained wireless sensors. However, sleep/wake scheduling could result in substantial discovery delays because the sensor needs time to receive the beacon-ID signals when MS entered its communication range. In this paper, we first study on the MS discovery mechanism and the factors which affect the efficiency of data collection. Based on these results, we then provide a solution to the control problem of how to optimally adjust the system parameters of the sleep/wake scheduling protocol to maximize the network lifetime, subject to a constraint on the expected residual contact time. Our numerical results indicate that the proposed solution can balance the network consumption, especially in sparse sensor networks. 1.
