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Economic and environmental evaluation of variable rate nitrogen and lime application in claypan soils
"... Abstract. Variable Rate Technology (VRT) has the potential to increase crop yields and improve water quality relative to Uniform Rate Technology (URT). The effects on profitability and water quality of adopting VRT for nitrogen (N) and lime were evaluated for corn production on four claypan soil fie ..."
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Abstract. Variable Rate Technology (VRT) has the potential to increase crop yields and improve water quality relative to Uniform Rate Technology (URT). The effects on profitability and water quality of adopting VRT for nitrogen (N) and lime were evaluated for corn production on four claypan soil fields in north central Missouri under average to better than average weather conditions. Variable N and lime rates were based on measured topsoil depth and soil pH, respectively. VRT rates were compared to two different uniform N applications (URT-Nl based on the topsoil depth within these claypan soil fields, and URT-N2 based on a typical N rate for corn production in this area). Expected corn yield was predicted based on topsoil depth, soil pH, N rate, and lime rate. Water quality benefits of VRT relative to URT were evaluated based on potential leachable N. Sensitivity analyses were performed using simulated topsoil data for topsoil depth and soil pH. Results showed that VRT was more profitable than URT in the four sample fields under URT-N1, and in two of the four fields under URT-N2. Greater variation in topsoil depth and soil pH resulted in higher profitability and greater water quality benefits with VRT. Results support adoption of VRT for N and lime application for other claypan soil fields with characteristics similar to those in the fields used in this study.
The Role of Precision Agriculture in Cropping Systems
- Journal of Crop Production
"... SUMMARY. Precision agriculture is a new and developing discipline that incorporates advanced technologies to enhance the efficiency of farm inputs in a profitable and environmentally sensible manner. Yield monitoring and variable rate application are the most widely used preci-sion technologies. Ver ..."
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SUMMARY. Precision agriculture is a new and developing discipline that incorporates advanced technologies to enhance the efficiency of farm inputs in a profitable and environmentally sensible manner. Yield monitoring and variable rate application are the most widely used preci-sion technologies. Versatile guidance systems utilizing the global posi-tioning system (GPS) and management zone approaches are also being developed to further increase productivity by reducing error, cost, and time. These technologies provide tools to quantify and manage variabil-ity existing in fields across an array of cropping systems. A review of precision farming technologies that are currently being used in the United States and around the world is presented in this article. [Article cop-ies available for a fee from The Haworth Document Delivery Service:
A MIXED INTEGER, NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING MODEL OF INNOVATIVE VARIABLE RATE PLANTING DATE WITH POLYMER SEED COATINGS
, 2001
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Factors Shaping Adoption of Bioengineered Crops..................1
"... Use of crop biotechnology products, such as genetically engineered (GE) crops with input traits for pest management, has risen dramatically since commercial approval in the mid-1990s. This report addresses several of the economic dimensions regarding farmer adoption of bioengineered crops, including ..."
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Use of crop biotechnology products, such as genetically engineered (GE) crops with input traits for pest management, has risen dramatically since commercial approval in the mid-1990s. This report addresses several of the economic dimensions regarding farmer adoption of bioengineered crops, including herbicidetolerant and insect-resistant varieties. In particular, the report examines: (1) the extent of adoption of bioengineered crops, their diffusion path, and expected adoption rates over the next few years; (2) factors affecting the adoption of bioengineered crops; and (3) farm-level impacts of the adoption of bioengineered crops. Data used in the analysis are mostly from USDA surveys.
National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record
, 2007
"... www.ers.usda.gov Want to learn more about off-farm income, technology adoption, and farm economic performance? Visit our website at www.ers.usda.gov. You can also find additional information, both paper and electronic, about ERS publications, databases, and other products at our website. ..."
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www.ers.usda.gov Want to learn more about off-farm income, technology adoption, and farm economic performance? Visit our website at www.ers.usda.gov. You can also find additional information, both paper and electronic, about ERS publications, databases, and other products at our website.
Evaluating Adoption and Uses of Precision Farming Technologies
, 2001
"... Precision farming technology (PF) is designed to provide information and data to assist farmers when making site-specific management (SSM) decisions. By making more informed management decisions, farmers can become more efficient, lower costs, and become more profitable. However, little is known abo ..."
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Precision farming technology (PF) is designed to provide information and data to assist farmers when making site-specific management (SSM) decisions. By making more informed management decisions, farmers can become more efficient, lower costs, and become more profitable. However, little is known about how farmers use PF to make management decisions, identify production problems, and about the relative magnitude of benefits and costs of PF on individual farms. Therefore, research is needed to find answers to questions surrounding the adoption, uses, and the potential management benefits of PF in Ohio. First, an embedded, multiple-case study approach was used to collect information about PF from six different farms, which fit specific criteria. The objective was to collect information about adoption and use of PF from early adopters to glean information that would be useful to those considering PF adoption. Next, a survey questionnaire was sent to a group of 156 PF patrons of a central Ohio cooperative. The objectives were to understand PF adoption motivation, how farmers use their PF system, what system components they have adopted, the perceived
Factors Shaping Adoption of Bioengineered Crops..................1
"... Use of crop biotechnology products, such as genetically engineered (GE) crops with input traits for pest management, has risen dramatically since commercial approval in the mid-1990s. This report addresses several of the economic dimensions regarding farmer adoption of bioengineered crops, including ..."
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Use of crop biotechnology products, such as genetically engineered (GE) crops with input traits for pest management, has risen dramatically since commercial approval in the mid-1990s. This report addresses several of the economic dimensions regarding farmer adoption of bioengineered crops, including herbicidetolerant and insect-resistant varieties. In particular, the report examines: (1) the extent of adoption of bioengineered crops, their diffusion path, and expected adoption rates over the next few years; (2) factors affecting the adoption of bioengineered crops; and (3) farm-level impacts of the adoption of bioengineered crops. Data used in the analysis are mostly from USDA surveys.
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, 2003
"... The popularity of variable-rate technology (VRT) has grown. However, the limitations and errors of this technology are generally unknown. Therefore, a spatial data model was developed to generate “as-applied ” surfaces to advance precision agricultural (PA) practices. A test methodology based on ASA ..."
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The popularity of variable-rate technology (VRT) has grown. However, the limitations and errors of this technology are generally unknown. Therefore, a spatial data model was developed to generate “as-applied ” surfaces to advance precision agricultural (PA) practices. A test methodology based on ASAE Standard S341.2 was developed to perform uniform-rate (UR) and variable-rate (VR) tests to characterize distribution patterns testing four VRT granular applicators (two spinner spreaders and two pneumatic applicators). Single-pass UR patterns exhibited consistent shapes for three of the applicators with patterns shifts observed for the fourth applicator. Simulated overlap analysis showed that three of the applicators performed satisfactorily with most CVs less than 20 % while one applicator performed poorly (CVs> 25%). The spinner spreaders over-applied at the margins but the pneumatic applicators under-applied suggesting a required adjustment to the effective swath spacing. Therefore, it is recommended that CVs accompany overlap pattern plots to ensure proper calibration of VRT application. Quantification of the rate response characteristics for the various applicators illustrated varying delay and transition times. Only one applicator demonstrated consistent delay and transition times. A sigmoidal function was used to model the rate response for applicators. One applicator exhibited a linear response during a decreasing rate change. Rate changes were quicker for the two newer VR control systems