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49
Programming models for sensor networks: a survey
- ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks
, 2008
"... Sensor networks have a significant potential in diverse applications some of which are already beginning to be deployed in areas such as environmental monitoring. As the application logic becomes more complex, programming difficulties are becoming a barrier to adoption of these networks. The difficu ..."
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Cited by 36 (0 self)
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Sensor networks have a significant potential in diverse applications some of which are already beginning to be deployed in areas such as environmental monitoring. As the application logic becomes more complex, programming difficulties are becoming a barrier to adoption of these networks. The difficulty in programming sensor networks is not only due to their inherently distributed nature but also the need for mechanisms to address their harsh operating conditions such as unreliable communications, faulty nodes, and extremely constrained resources. Researchers have proposed different programming models to overcome these difficulties with the ultimate goal of making programming easy while making full use of available resources. In this article, we first explore the requirements for programming models for sensor networks. Then we present a taxonomy of the programming models, classified according to the level of abstractions they provide. We present an evaluation of various programming models for their responsiveness to the requirements. Our results point to promising efforts in the area and a discussion of the future directions of research in this area. 8
Agilla: A Mobile Agent Middleware for Self-Adaptive Wireless Sensor Networks
"... This article presents Agilla, a mobile agent middleware designed to support self-adaptive applications in wireless sensor networks. Agilla provides a programming model in which applications consist of evolving communities of agents that share a wireless sensor network. Coordination among the agents ..."
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Cited by 26 (1 self)
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This article presents Agilla, a mobile agent middleware designed to support self-adaptive applications in wireless sensor networks. Agilla provides a programming model in which applications consist of evolving communities of agents that share a wireless sensor network. Coordination among the agents and access to physical resources are supported by a tuple space abstraction. Agents can dynamically enter and exit a network and can autonomously clone and migrate themselves in response to environmental changes. Agilla’s ability to support self-adaptive applications in wireless sensor networks has been demonstrated in the context of several applications, including fire detection and tracking, monitoring cargo containers, and robot navigation. Agilla, the first mobile agent system to operate in resource-constrained wireless sensor platforms, was implemented on top of TinyOS. Agilla’s feasibility and efficiency was demonstrated by experimental evaluation on two physical testbeds consisting of Mica2 and TelosB nodes.
Enhanced Coordination in Sensor Networks through Flexible Service Provisioning
"... Abstract. Many applications operate in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, which represent a challenging programming environment due to the wide range of device capabilities. Servilla addresses this difficulty in developing applications by offering a new middleware framework based on service pro ..."
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Abstract. Many applications operate in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, which represent a challenging programming environment due to the wide range of device capabilities. Servilla addresses this difficulty in developing applications by offering a new middleware framework based on service provisioning. Using Servilla, developers can construct platform-independent applications over a dynamic and diverse set of devices. A salient feature of Servilla is its support for the discovery and binding to local and remote services, which enables flexible and energy-efficient in-network collaboration among heterogeneous devices. Furthermore, Servilla provides a modular middleware architecture that can be easily tailored to devices with a wide range of resources, allowing resource-constrained devices to provide services while leveraging the capabilities of more powerful devices. Servilla has been implemented on TinyOS for two representative hardware platforms (Imote2 and TelosB) with drastically different resources. Microbenchmarks demonstrate the efficiency of Servilla’s implementation, while an application case study on structural health monitoring demonstrates the efficacy of its coordination model for integrating heterogeneous devices. 1
Physicalnet: A Generic Framework for Managing and Programming Across Pervasive Computing Networks
"... This paper describes the design and implementation of a pervasive computing framework, named Physicalnet. Essentially, Physicalnet is a generic paradigm for managing and programming world-wide distributed heterogeneous sensor and actuator resources in a multi-user and multi-network environment. Usin ..."
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This paper describes the design and implementation of a pervasive computing framework, named Physicalnet. Essentially, Physicalnet is a generic paradigm for managing and programming world-wide distributed heterogeneous sensor and actuator resources in a multi-user and multi-network environment. Using a four-tier light-weight service oriented architecture, Physicalnet enables global uniform access to heterogeneous resources and decouples applications from particular resources, locations and networks. Through a negotiator module, it allows a large number of applications to concurrently execute on the same resources and to span multiple physical networks and logical administrative domains. By providing a fine-grained usebased access rights control and conflict resolution mechanism, Physicalnet not only ensures owners having total control of sharing and protecting their resources, but also dramatically increases the number of applications that can concurrently execute on the devices. Furthermore, Physicalnet supports resource dynamic location-aware mobility, application run-time reconfigurability and on-the-fly access rights specification. To quantify the performance, we evaluate Physicalnet based on memory usage, the number of concurrent applications, and dynamic responsiveness. The results show Physicalnet has excellent performance, but low overheads. 1.
Near Optimal Multi-Application Allocation in Shared Sensor Networks
, 2010
"... Recent years have witnessed the emergence of shared sensor networks as integrated infrastructure for multiple applications. It is important to allocate multiple applications in a shared sensor network, in order to maximize the overall Quality of Monitoring (QoM) subject to resource constraints (e.g. ..."
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Cited by 7 (4 self)
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Recent years have witnessed the emergence of shared sensor networks as integrated infrastructure for multiple applications. It is important to allocate multiple applications in a shared sensor network, in order to maximize the overall Quality of Monitoring (QoM) subject to resource constraints (e.g., in terms of memory and network bandwidth). The resulting constrained optimization problem is a difficult and open problem since it is discrete, nonlinear, and not in closed-form. This paper makes several important contributions towards optimal multi-application allocation in shared sensor networks. (1) We formulate the optimal application allocation problem for a common class of distributed sensing applications whose QoM can be modeled as variance reduction functions. (2) We prove key theoretical properties of the optimization problem, including the monotonicity and submodularity of the variance reduction functions and the multiple knapsack structure of constraints; (3) By exploiting these properties, we propose a local search algorithm, which is efficient and has a good approximation bound, for application allocation in shared sensor networks. Simulations based on both real-world datasets and randomly generated networks demonstrate that our algorithm is competitive against simulated annealing in term of QoM, with up to three orders of magnitude reduction in execution times, making it a practical solution towards multi-application allocation in shared sensor networks.
Multi-Application Deployment in Shared Sensor Networks based on Quality of Monitoring
"... Abstract—Wireless sensor networks are evolving from dedicated application-specific platforms to integrated infrastructure shared by multiple applications. Shared sensor networks offer inherent advantages in terms of flexibility and cost since they allow dynamic resource sharing and allocation among ..."
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Abstract—Wireless sensor networks are evolving from dedicated application-specific platforms to integrated infrastructure shared by multiple applications. Shared sensor networks offer inherent advantages in terms of flexibility and cost since they allow dynamic resource sharing and allocation among multiple applications. Such shared systems face the critical need for allocation of nodes to contending applications to enhance the overall Quality of Monitoring (QoM) under resource constraints. To address this need, this paper presents Utility-based Multiapplication Allocation and Deployment Environment (UMADE), an integrated application deployment system for shared sensor networks. In sharp contrast to traditional approaches that allocate applications based on cyber metrics (e.g., computing resource utilization), UMADE adopts a cyber-physical system approach that dynamically allocates nodes to applications based on their QoM of the physical phenomena. The key novelty of UMADE is that it is designed to deal with the inter-node QoM dependencies typical in cyber-physical applications. Furthermore, UMADE provides an integrated system solution that supports the end-to-end process of (1) QoM specification for applications, (2) QoM-aware application allocation, (3) application deployment over multi-hop wireless networks, and (4) adaptive reallocation of applications in response to network dynamics. UMADE has been implemented on TinyOS and Agilla virtual machine for Telos motes. The feasibility and efficacy of UMADE have been demonstrated on a 28-node wireless sensor network testbed in the context of building automation applications. I.
A multilayer architecture for wireless sensor network virtualization,”
- in Mobile Information Systems 13 Proceedings of the 6th Joint IFIPWireless andMobile Networking Conference (WMNC ’13),
, 2013
"... Abstract-Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become pervasive and are used for a plethora of applications and services. They are usually deployed with specific applications and services; thereby precluding their re-use when other applications and services are contemplated. This can inevitably lead ..."
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Cited by 4 (1 self)
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Abstract-Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have become pervasive and are used for a plethora of applications and services. They are usually deployed with specific applications and services; thereby precluding their re-use when other applications and services are contemplated. This can inevitably lead to the proliferation of redundant WSN deployments. Virtualization is a technology that can aid in tackling this issue. It enables the sharing of resources/infrastructures by multiple independent entities. This position paper proposes a novel multi-layer architecture for WSN virtualization and identifies the research challenges. Related work is also discussed. We illustrate the potential of the architecture by applying it to a scenario in which WSNs are shared for fire monitoring.
A survey on virtualization of wireless sensor networks
- in Sensors
, 2012
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Design and Analysis of Virtualization Framework for Wireless Sensor Networks
, 2013
"... Abstract—Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are used in many application areas including health, agriculture and gaming. New advances in sensor technology make it pertinent to consider sharing a deployed WSN infrastructure by multiple applications, including applications which are designed after the WS ..."
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Cited by 3 (0 self)
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Abstract—Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) are used in many application areas including health, agriculture and gaming. New advances in sensor technology make it pertinent to consider sharing a deployed WSN infrastructure by multiple applications, including applications which are designed after the WSN deployment. For my PhD research I propose a novel WSN virtualization framework that allows multiple users to run their application tasks over underlying WSN resources in a transparent way. This paper presents the overview of the proposed WSN virtualization framework, related work, current status and future work.
A survey of middleware for wireless sensor networks
, 2007
"... Distributed sensor applications emerge as a promising solution to be utilized for complex business scenarios. However, the development and deployment of these applications remains a complex challenge. In this survey we present a two-dimensional classification of middleware technologies needed to rea ..."
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Cited by 3 (1 self)
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Distributed sensor applications emerge as a promising solution to be utilized for complex business scenarios. However, the development and deployment of these applications remains a complex challenge. In this survey we present a two-dimensional classification of middleware technologies needed to realize these complex enduser business scenarios. Subsequently, we discuss currently existing middleware approaches and place them in the classification framework we developed. Finally, based on this classification overview, we identify two issues for which middleware support leaps behind: cross-layer integration and end-to-end integration.
