A location based service (LBS) provides useful information to the users based on the geographic location the user designates or the user is currently located. Examples of LBS include directory service, gateway service, location utility service, presentation service, route service, and so on. These services are very useful to the users, and LBS should be available indoor: subways, large shopping malls, department stores, factories, and so on. This manuscript summarizes the techniques needed in development of indoor LBS (ILBS) including indoor positioning, indoor moving objects database system, rendering drawings, and web service.

This paper presents a novel approach to express and evaluate the complex class of queries in mov-ing object databases called spatiotemporal pattern queries (STP queries). That is, one can specify temporal order constraints on the fulfillment of several predicates. This is in contrast to a standard spatiotemporal query that is composed of a single predicate. We propose a language design for spa-tiotemporal pattern queries in the context of spatiotemporal DBMSs. The design builds on the well established concept of lifted predicates. Hence, unlike previous approaches, patterns are neither re-stricted to specific sets of predicates, nor to specific moving object types. The proposed language can express arbitrarily complex patterns that involve various types of spatiotemporal operations such as range, metric, topological, set operations, aggregations, distance, direction, and boolean operations. This work covers the language integration in SQL, the evaluation of the queries, and the integration with the query optimizer. We also propose a simple language for defining the temporal constraints. The approach allows for queries that were never available. We provide a complete implementation in C++ and Prolog in the context of the SECONDO platform. The implementation is made pub-licly available online as a SECONDO Plugin, which also includes automatic scripts for repeating the experiments in this paper. 1