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555
Assessing the Impact of Organizational Practices on the Productivity of University Technology Transfer Offices: An Exploratory Study.” NBER Working Paper No
, 1999
"... suggestions. We are also deeply indebted to the many administrators, scientists, managers, and entrepreneurs who agreed to be interviewed. Martha Cobb and Melissa ..."
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Cited by 74 (8 self)
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suggestions. We are also deeply indebted to the many administrators, scientists, managers, and entrepreneurs who agreed to be interviewed. Martha Cobb and Melissa
Distinguishing between Heterogeneity and Inefficiency: Stochastic Frontier Analysis of the World
- Health Organization’s Panel Data on National Health Care Systems, Health Economics
, 2004
"... The most commonly used approaches to parametric (stochastic frontier) analysis of efficiency in panel data, notably the fixed and random effects models, fail to distinguish between cross individual heterogeneity and inefficiency. This blending of effects is particularly problematic in the World Heal ..."
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Cited by 70 (5 self)
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The most commonly used approaches to parametric (stochastic frontier) analysis of efficiency in panel data, notably the fixed and random effects models, fail to distinguish between cross individual heterogeneity and inefficiency. This blending of effects is particularly problematic in the World Health Organization’s (WHO) panel data set on health care delivery, which is a 191 country, five year panel. The wide variation in cultural and economic characteristics of the worldwide sample of countries produces a large amount of unmeasured heterogeneity in the data. Familiar approaches to inefficiency estimation mistakenly measure that heterogeneity as inefficiency. This study will examine a large number of recently developed alternative approaches to stochastic frontier analysis with panel data, and apply some of them to the WHO data. A more general, flexible model and several measured indicators of cross country heterogeneity are added to the analysis done by previous researchers. Results suggest that in these data, there is considerable evidence of heterogeneity that in other studies using the same data, has masqueraded as inefficiency. Our results differ substantially from those obtained by
One-Step and Two-Step Estimation of the Effects of Exogenous Variables on Technical Efficiency Levels
- J. Productivity Analy
"... Consider a stochastic frontier model with one-sided inefficiency u, and suppose that the scale of u depends on some variables (firm characteristics) z. A “one-step ” model specifies both the stochastic frontier and the way in which u depends on z, and can be estimated in a single step, for example b ..."
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Cited by 69 (2 self)
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Consider a stochastic frontier model with one-sided inefficiency u, and suppose that the scale of u depends on some variables (firm characteristics) z. A “one-step ” model specifies both the stochastic frontier and the way in which u depends on z, and can be estimated in a single step, for example by maximum likelihood. This is in contrast to a “two-step” procedure, where the first step is to estimate a standard stochastic frontier model, and the second step is to estimate the relationship between (estimated) u and z. In this paper we propose a class of one-step models based on the “scaling property ” that u equals a function of z times a one-sided error u ∗ whose distribution does not depend on z. We explain theoretically why two-step procedures are biased, and we present Monte Carlo evidence showing that the bias can be very severe. This evidence argues strongly for one-step models whenever one is interested in the effects of firm characteristics on efficiency levels.
2003. Can GM-technologies help the poor? The impact of Bt cotton
- in Makhathini Flats, KwaZulu-Natal. World Development
"... 0305-750X/03/ $- see front matter doi:10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00004-4 ..."
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Cited by 37 (1 self)
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0305-750X/03/ $- see front matter doi:10.1016/S0305-750X(03)00004-4
Firm value and managerial incentives: A stochastic frontier approach
- Journal of Business
, 2005
"... We thank Tim Coelli for his continued help throughout this project; seminar participants ..."
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Cited by 35 (0 self)
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We thank Tim Coelli for his continued help throughout this project; seminar participants
Assessing the relative performance of U.K. university technology transfer offices: parametric and nonparametric evidence
- Research Policy
, 2005
"... For more information and to browse and download further Rensselaer Working Papers in ..."
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Cited by 32 (0 self)
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For more information and to browse and download further Rensselaer Working Papers in
Rossi (2007): “Corruption and Inefficiency: Theory and Evidence from Electric Utilities
- Journal of Public Economics
"... We investigate the determinants of the efficiency of firms with a focus on the role of corruption. We construct a simple theoretical model where corruption causes a diversion of managerial effort away from factor coordination, in turn increasing the factor requirements of firms. We then exploit a un ..."
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Cited by 29 (0 self)
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We investigate the determinants of the efficiency of firms with a focus on the role of corruption. We construct a simple theoretical model where corruption causes a diversion of managerial effort away from factor coordination, in turn increasing the factor requirements of firms. We then exploit a unique dataset comprising firm-level information on 80 electricity distribution firms from 13 Latin American countries for the years 1994 to 2001. As predicted by the model, we find that more corruption in the country is strongly associated with more inefficient firms, in the sense that they will employ more inputs to produce a given level of output. The economic magnitude of the effects is large. The results hold under the two different measures of corruption we use (indices by ICRG and Transparency International), and survive various robustness checks. Important controls in our regressions are public vs. private ownership and the regulatory regime. JEL Classification: D21, L94, D78.
Generating Science-Based Growth: An Econometric Analysis of the Impact
- of Organizational Incentives on University-Industry Technology Transfer.” European Journal of Finance,
, 2005
"... . Generating science-based growth: an econometric analysis of the impact of organizational incentives on university-industry technology transfer. The European Journal of Finance, 11, Abstract: In recent years, there has been a rapid rise in commercial knowledge transfers from universities to practi ..."
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Cited by 23 (4 self)
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. Generating science-based growth: an econometric analysis of the impact of organizational incentives on university-industry technology transfer. The European Journal of Finance, 11, Abstract: In recent years, there has been a rapid rise in commercial knowledge transfers from universities to practitioners or university/industry technology transfer (UITT), via licensing agreements, research joint ventures, and startups. In a previous study in 1999, the authors outlined a production function model to assess the relative efficiency of UITT and conducted field research to identify several organizational factors that could enhance the effectiveness of university management of intellectual property portfolios. This paper extends this framework and evaluates the impact of organizational incentives on the effectiveness of UITT. It is found that universities having more attractive incentive structures for UITT, i.e. those that allocate a higher %age of royalty payments to faculty members, tend to be more efficient in technology transfer activities. University administrators who wish to foster UITT should be mindful of the importance of financial incentives.
Contract renewal as an incentive device. An application to the French urban public transport sector
"... In the French urban public transport industry, services are often delegated to a private firm by the mean of a fixed-term regulatory contract. This contract specifies the duties of the firm and a financial compensation. When it expires, a new contract is awarded, possibly to a different operator. Co ..."
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Cited by 23 (0 self)
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In the French urban public transport industry, services are often delegated to a private firm by the mean of a fixed-term regulatory contract. This contract specifies the duties of the firm and a financial compensation. When it expires, a new contract is awarded, possibly to a different operator. Cost-plus and fixed-price (gross cost or net cost) contracts are commonly used to regulate the operators in the transport industry. In this paper, we analyse the incentives for the operator to reduce its cost. These incentives come from both the profit maximization during the current contract and the perspective of contract renewal. In our model, the amount of cost-reducing effort depends on the contract type and the time remaining till contract expiration. We use a sample of 124 French urban public transport networks covering the period 1995-2002 to test our predictions. Our proxy for the cost reducing effort is technical efficiency. The data largely confirm the importance of contract type on performances and the incentive effect of contract renewal.
