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Sensitivity of microwave brightness temperatures to hydrometeors in a tropical deep convective cloud system at 89–190 GHz
- Radio Sci
, 2005
"... [1] The sensitivity of microwave brightness temperatures at the frequencies between 89 and 190 GHz to surface emissivities and hydrometeors in a tropical deep convective cloud system is investigated by simulations, using the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model data of a simulated oceanic tropical squall ..."
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[1] The sensitivity of microwave brightness temperatures at the frequencies between 89 and 190 GHz to surface emissivities and hydrometeors in a tropical deep convective cloud system is investigated by simulations, using the Goddard Cumulus Ensemble model data of a simulated oceanic tropical squall line as input for a radiative transfer model. It is found that only the window channel at 89 GHz has an apparent dependence on the surface emissivity. The three water vapor channels around 183 GHz (i.e., 183.3 ± 1, ±3, and ±7 GHz) are completely independent, and the window channel at 150 GHz is nearly independent of the surface emissivity because of the atmospheric opacity at these frequencies. All channels are apparently influenced by deep convective clouds and their outflowing thick cirrus clouds. The channels at 89, 150, and 183.3 ± 7 GHz are strongly sensitive to variations in the liquid water content at levels above 5 km. The sensitivity of the channel at 150 GHz to liquid water is about twice that at 183.3 ± 7 GHz. All channels are generally sensitive to variations in the frozen hydrometeor content at levels above 7 km. The 183.3 ± 1 GHz channel has virtually no influence from the frozen hydrometeors at levels below 7 km. The sensitivity suggests that it should be possible to estimate the frozen hydrometeor properties in levels above 7 km in tropical deep convective clouds using the water vapor channels around 183 GHz.
CORRECTING FOR PRECIPITATION EFFECTS IN SATELLITE-BASED PASSIVE MICROWAVE TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY ESTIMATES
, 2005
"... Public reporting burden for this collection of Information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments ..."
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Public reporting burden for this collection of Information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this
A High-Resolution Full-Earth Disk Model for Evaluating Synthetic Aperture Passive Microwave Observations From GEO
"... Abstract—A proposed instrument for deployment on next- ..."
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CORRECTING FOR PRECIPITATION EFFECTS IN SATELLITE-BASED PASSIVE MICROWAVE TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY ESTIMATES
, 2005
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Expected improvements in the atmospheric humidity profile retrieval using theMegha-Tropiques microwave payload
"... The microwave payload of the Megha-Tropiques mission is explored to quantify the expected improvements in the retrieval of relative humidity profiles. Estimations of the profiles are performed using a generalized additive model that uses cubic smoothing splines to address the nonlinear dependencies ..."
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The microwave payload of the Megha-Tropiques mission is explored to quantify the expected improvements in the retrieval of relative humidity profiles. Estimations of the profiles are performed using a generalized additive model that uses cubic smoothing splines to address the nonlinear dependencies between the brightness temperatures (TB) in the 183.31 GHz band and the relative humidity of specified tropospheric layers. Under clear-sky and oceanic situations, the six-channel configuration of the SAPHIR radiometer clearly improves the retrieval and reduces by a factor of two the variance of the residuals with respect to the current space-borne humidity sounders that have three channels in this band (AMSU-B, MHS). Additional information from the MADRAS radiometer (at 23.8 and 157 GHz) further improves the restitution with correlation coefficient higher than 0.89 throughout the troposphere. Copyright c © 2011 Royal Meteorological Society Key Words: water vapour; retrieval method; microwave; Megha-Tropiques
Intense Tropical Thunderstorms Detected by the Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder
"... Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) are used to detect intense thunderstorms over the tropics (30 ◦ S–30 ◦ N). This application utilizes the advantages of conical scanning and high surface horizontal resolution of the SSMIS compared to the same measurements made with cross-track scanning ..."
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Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder (SSMIS) are used to detect intense thunderstorms over the tropics (30 ◦ S–30 ◦ N). This application utilizes the advantages of conical scanning and high surface horizontal resolution of the SSMIS compared to the same measurements made with cross-track scanning radiometers. The criteria to detect intense tropical thunderstorms are derived by the combination of the brightness temperature differences between the three water vapor channels and brightness temperatures at the four frequencies. One year of SSMIS data (December 2005– November 2006) is surveyed for intense tropical thunderstorms. The most intense tropical thunderstorms are predominant over land and are mainly concentrated over Central and South America, tropical west Africa, and northern Australia. Over most regions these very intense tropical thunderstorms have a strong regional dependence and a pronounced seasonal migration. Index Terms—Clouds, microwave measurements, microwave
