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179
Strategic global human resource management: The role of inpatriate managers.
- Human Resource Management Review,
, 2000
"... The need for highly qualified multicultural managers will increase as more organizations globalize their operations. These global managers may be perceived as organizational resources and, therefore, a resource-based view of human resource management is utilized. At the same time, relational view o ..."
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The need for highly qualified multicultural managers will increase as more organizations globalize their operations. These global managers may be perceived as organizational resources and, therefore, a resource-based view of human resource management is utilized. At the same time, relational view of human capital provides insight into the value of managers who have unique local market knowledge (i.e., social knowledge). By integrating the two aspects of the resource-based view, one can develop a dynamic capabilities approach to staffing global assignments. Within this integrative theoretical perspective, inpatriate managers (i.e., host or third country managers who are transferred into the home country organization on a semi-permanent to permanent basis) can be explored as a potential pool of uniquely qualified global managers to be utilized in global organizations. It is envisioned that through this unique building of managerial talents, organizations can develop/maintain a distinct competitive advantage in the markets they enter. This article explores inpatriation as an innovative means to develop managers as strategic resources to be used in formulating and implementing a global strategic plan. As globalization becomes the normative strategy for organizations, one of the critical success factors centers on amassing an adequate number of competent global managers to implement global strategies
2005. The internationalization of small and medium-sized firms: the role of organizational learning effort and entrepreneurial orientation
- Small Business Economics
"... This paper contributes to the existing research by integrating the notions of organizational learning and entrepreneurial orientation into the body of international entrepreneurship. Our primary framework combines learning theory and the new venture theory of internationalization to study the extent ..."
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This paper contributes to the existing research by integrating the notions of organizational learning and entrepreneurial orientation into the body of international entrepreneurship. Our primary framework combines learning theory and the new venture theory of internationalization to study the extent to which small and medium-sized companies engage in international activities. In order to focus on firms likely to engage in significant cross-border activity, we used a survey instrument to collect data from small and medium-sized firms located in Belgium. We found that the firms ’ international learning effort and entrepreneurial orientation are positively associated with internationalization intent whereas domestic learning effort is negatively related with internationalization intent. Overall, our results suggest (1) that intensive knowledge renewal and exploitation regarding foreign markets and the internationalization process itself may increase internationalization by affecting the perceptions of opportunities offered by further international expansion, and (2) that firms with an entrepreneurial mindset may be more likely to develop a long-term, substantial presence in the international arena, compared to firms that are more reactive or conservative. However, our results also suggest that firms that invest in domestic learning activities, as opposed to international learning activities, may be less likely to internationalize further.
International diversification: Antecedents, outcomes, and moderators
- J. Management
, 2006
"... Pursuit of international markets and resources from foreign sources has increased dramatically during the past two decades, and the academic study of international diversification has increased concurrently. Reviewing the literature in management and related disciplines, the authors discuss recent f ..."
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Pursuit of international markets and resources from foreign sources has increased dramatically during the past two decades, and the academic study of international diversification has increased concurrently. Reviewing the literature in management and related disciplines, the authors discuss recent findings of research on international diversification. A conceptual model groups key rela-tionships, including antecedents, environmental factors, performance and process outcomes, moderators, and the characteristics of international diversification. The authors synthesize intel-lectual contributions, highlight unresolved issues, and provide recommendations for future research.
What is the shape of the multinationality-performance relationship
- The Multinational Business Review
, 2004
"... ABSTRACT: Previous theoretical explanations and empirical analyses of the multinationality-performance relationship have produced mixed arguments and results. Linear and inverted U-shaped relationships have been theorized and confirmed empirically. Recent research has theorized that there is a three ..."
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ABSTRACT: Previous theoretical explanations and empirical analyses of the multinationality-performance relationship have produced mixed arguments and results. Linear and inverted U-shaped relationships have been theorized and confirmed empirically. Recent research has theorized that there is a three-stage, sigmoid relationship between multinationality and performance. We contribute to the debate by showing that the impact of multinationality depends on the time dimension incorporated in the performance measure; that is, the net benefits from multinationality are likely to be higher in the longer term. The results from our sample of US manufacturing multinationals indicate that there is a three-stage, sigmoid multinationality-performance relationship.
Regional diversification and firm performance
- Journal of International Business Studies
, 2008
"... This study examines how regional diversification affects firm performance. The results indicate that regional diversification has linear and curvilinear effects on firm performance. Regional diversification enhances firm performance linearly up to a certain threshold, and then its impact becomes neg ..."
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This study examines how regional diversification affects firm performance. The results indicate that regional diversification has linear and curvilinear effects on firm performance. Regional diversification enhances firm performance linearly up to a certain threshold, and then its impact becomes negative. The results also show that firms of developed countries maximize their performance when they operate across a moderate number of developed regions and a strictly limited number of developing regions. This explains why internationalization by most international firms is regional rather than global.
Measuring the degree of internationalization of a firm: a reply
- Journal of International Business Studies
, 1996
"... comment, I was unsure whether to be honored that someone thought enough to replicate my research or worried that I had erred egregiously. Once I pinpointed RKR's concerns, my task turned to devising a useful reply. In recourse, and also out of budding curiosity, I retreated to the library to sc ..."
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comment, I was unsure whether to be honored that someone thought enough to replicate my research or worried that I had erred egregiously. Once I pinpointed RKR's concerns, my task turned to devising a useful reply. In recourse, and also out of budding curiosity, I retreated to the library to scan back issues of the Journal of International Business Studies. In the twenty-six years from the inception of JIBS, there has not been a comment that faithfully recreated the dataset and reran the analysis of a previously published study. Certainly, I came across extension of some and debate of a few. However, RKR's initiative is unprecedented; as such, I commend their exemplary effort. To recap briefly, the work in question, Measuring the Degree of Internation-alization of a Firm, appeared in this journal in Fall 1994. My aim in that paper was to deal with a nagging methodological issue in the international literature: how to reliably measure the degree of internationalization of a firm. Put plainly, I aimed to specify an operational measure of the degree of internationalization of a firm that would lend itself to testing, replication and application. I noted in that study that while many positivistic and instrumental studies considered the issue, no consensus had emerged regarding how to measure this construct reliably. I began by combing the literature for reported indicators of the degree of internationalization of a firm. A potential measure, presuming its received relevance, was held to a coarse test: could I, and thus anyone else, estimate it with publicly-available archival data? After sorting through many candidates, I ended-up with nine items: Foreign Sales as a
Family involvement in ownership and management: Exploring nonlinear effects on performance
- Family Business Review
, 2008
"... Research on the performance of family firms is growing, but results are mixed, especially for nonlisted companies. Thus, on the basis of the co-presence of benefits and disadvan-tages of family involvement in ownership and management, we explored the presence of nonlinear effects of these two variab ..."
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Research on the performance of family firms is growing, but results are mixed, especially for nonlisted companies. Thus, on the basis of the co-presence of benefits and disadvan-tages of family involvement in ownership and management, we explored the presence of nonlinear effects of these two variables on performance. We run regression analyses on data drawn from 620 privately held family firms in Italy: A negative quadratic relation-ship between family involvement in management and performance was found, but we did not find any association between family involvement in ownership and performance. Our results suggest that in privately held firms the positive effects that previous literature associates with the presence of family managers do not appear strong enough to com-pensate for the disadvantages deriving from a nonmonetary goal orientation, nor do they compensate for the costs deriving from the need to solve conflicts between family man-agers and the impossibility of enlarging the company’s social and intellectual capital through the employment of nonfamily managers. Moreover, the quadratic nature of the relationship calls for greater attention to be paid to these effects by family business owners, especially in those cases where family involvement in management is high.
Financial Supervision in an Integrating Europe: Measuring Cross-Border Externalities
- International Finance
, 2005
"... Against the backdrop of European integration, the debate on the need for European arrangements for financial supervision and stability is intensi-fying in the literature as well as in the policy arena. While there is a consensus that the need for European arrangements ultimately depends on the inten ..."
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Against the backdrop of European integration, the debate on the need for European arrangements for financial supervision and stability is intensi-fying in the literature as well as in the policy arena. While there is a consensus that the need for European arrangements ultimately depends on the intensity of cross-border spillover effects or externalities within the European Union (EU), there has been no attempt to measure these cross-border externalities. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap. A new data set on cross-border penetration (as a proxy for cross-border externalities) of 30 large EU banking groups has been collected. Although a home country bias still exists, the data indicate that the number of groups that have the potential to pose significant cross-border external-ities within the EU context is substantial and increasing. Within a four-year period (2000–03), we find a statistically significant upward trend of emerging European banking groups. Policymakers therefore face the The authors would like to thank Sylvester Eijffinger, Charles Goodhart, Robert Haffner, Philipp Hartmann, Vasso Ioannidou, David Mayes and participants at the 2003 SUERF Colloquium in Tallinn as well as two anonymous referees for useful comments. They would also like to thank Sybren Hornstra for assistance with the data collection. The views in this paper are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Ministry of Finance in the
Profiling Managers to Improve Export Promotion Targeting
- Journal of International Business Studies
, 1997
"... Abstract. One of the major criticisms of government export promotion schemes in many countries is that they tend to be poorly targeted. Awareness levels about export schemes among managers of companies at exporting or pre-exporting stages of internationalization are often quite low, and the perceive ..."
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Abstract. One of the major criticisms of government export promotion schemes in many countries is that they tend to be poorly targeted. Awareness levels about export schemes among managers of companies at exporting or pre-exporting stages of internationalization are often quite low, and the perceived usefulness of schemes may decline as companies internationalize and their needs become more specific. One solution may be to develop a better understanding of the needs of managers who make export market development decisions, and to target segments of managers (rather than companies) who share similar strengths and weak-nesses. This study attempts to address these concerns by devising a typology of senior international marketing managers. The most senior marketing decisionmakers in a broad, multi-industry sample of New Zealand exporting firms were surveyed. The results of the cluster analysis suggest that groups of managers who share similar character-istics can be identified and profiled, based on shared international business attitudes and similar levels of knowledge and skills. This appears to be a useful method for segmenting international marketing managers to determine what sort of educational and export assistance particular groups may require.
Homsy, studied in
- Applied Mathematics
, 1975
"... Thermoresponsive micropatterned substrates for single cell ..."
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Thermoresponsive micropatterned substrates for single cell
