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42
A recombinant hepatitis C virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase capable of copying the full-length viral RNA
- J
, 1999
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Cited by 64 (2 self)
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These include: This article cites 48 articles, 32 of which can be accessed free at:
De novo initiation of RNA synthesis by the RNAdependent RNA polymerase (NS5B) of hepatitis C virus
- J
, 2000
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Translational control of viral gene expression in eukaryotes
, 2000
"... This article cites 464 articles, 249 of which can be accessed ..."
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Cited by 49 (4 self)
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This article cites 464 articles, 249 of which can be accessed
2002. Genetic analysis of sequences in the 3 nontranslated region of hepatitis C virus that are important for RNA replication
- J
"... The genome of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a plus-strand RNA molecule that carries a single long open reading frame. It is flanked at either end by highly conserved nontranslated regions (NTRs) that mediate crucial steps in the viral life cycle. The 3 NTR of HCV has a tripartite structure compose ..."
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Cited by 48 (8 self)
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The genome of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a plus-strand RNA molecule that carries a single long open reading frame. It is flanked at either end by highly conserved nontranslated regions (NTRs) that mediate crucial steps in the viral life cycle. The 3 NTR of HCV has a tripartite structure composed of an about 40-nucleotide variable region, a poly(U/UC) tract that has a heterogeneous length, and a highly conserved 98-nucleotide 3-terminal sequence designated the X tail or 3X. Conflicting data as to the role the sequences in the 3 NTR play in RNA replication have been reported. By using the HCV replicon system, which is based on the self-replication of subgenomic HCV RNAs in human hepatoma cell line Huh-7, we mapped in this study the sequences in the 3 NTR required for RNA replication. We found that a mutant with a complete deletion of the variable region is viable but that replication is reduced significantly. Only replicons in which the poly(U/UC) tract was replaced by a homouridine stretch of at least 26 nucleotides were able to replicate, whereas RNAs with homopolymeric guanine, adenine, or cytosine sequences were inactive. Deletions of indi-vidual or all stem-loop structures in 3X were not tolerated, demonstrating that this region is most crucial for efficient RNA replication. Finally, we found that none of these deletions or substitutions within the 3 NTR affected RNA stability or translation, demonstrating that the primary effect of the mutations was on RNA replication. These data represent the first detailed mapping of sequences in the 3 NTR assumed to act as a
3� nontranslated RNA signals required for replication of hepatitis C virus RNA
- J
, 2003
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Cited by 39 (0 self)
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A promoter activity is present in the DNA sequence corresponding to the hepatitis C virus 50 UTR
- Nucleic Acids Res
, 2003
"... The hepatitis C virus (HCV) 5 ¢ untranslated region (UTR) has been extensively studied with regard to its internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) activity. In this work we present results suggesting the exist-ence of a strong promoter activity carried by the DNA sequence corresponding to the HCV 5 ¢ UT ..."
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Cited by 22 (4 self)
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The hepatitis C virus (HCV) 5 ¢ untranslated region (UTR) has been extensively studied with regard to its internal ribosomal entry site (IRES) activity. In this work we present results suggesting the exist-ence of a strong promoter activity carried by the DNA sequence corresponding to the HCV 5 ¢ UTR. This activity was not detected when the HCV 5 ¢ UTR sequence was replaced by HCV 3 ¢ UTR or poliovirus 5 ¢ UTR sequences. These results were further con®rmed by using bicistronic constructions. We demonstrated the presence of an mRNA initiated in this 5 ¢ UTR sequence and located the initiation site by the 5 ¢ RACE method at nucleotide 67. Furthermore, northern experiments and ¯ow cyto-metry analysis showed the unambiguous activity of such a promoter sequence in stably transfected cells. Our results strongly suggest that the data obtained using bicistronic DNA constructs carrying the HCV 5 ¢ UTR should be analyzed not only at the translational but also at the transcriptional level.
Secondary structure and hybridization accessibility of the hepatitis C virus negative strand RNA 5 0 -terminus
- J. Viral Hepat
, 2004
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Cap-Independent Translational Enhancement of Turnip Crinkle Virus Genomic and Subgenomic RNAs
, 1999
"... These include: This article cites 40 articles, 23 of which can be accessed free at: ..."
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Cited by 19 (1 self)
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IRES-driven translation is stimulated separately by the FMDV 39-NCR and poly(A) sequences. Nucleic Acids Res
, 2002
"... The 3 ¢ end region of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) consists of two distinct elements, a 90 nt untranslated region (3¢-NCR) and a poly(A) tract. Removal of either the poly(A) tract or both the 3¢-NCR and the poly(A) tract abrogated infectivity in susceptible cells in the context of a full-leng ..."
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Cited by 13 (3 self)
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The 3 ¢ end region of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) consists of two distinct elements, a 90 nt untranslated region (3¢-NCR) and a poly(A) tract. Removal of either the poly(A) tract or both the 3¢-NCR and the poly(A) tract abrogated infectivity in susceptible cells in the context of a full-length cDNA clone. We have addressed the question of whether the impairment of RNA infectivity is related to defects at the translation level using a double approach. First, compared to the full-length viral RNA, removal of the 3 ¢ sequences reduced the ef®ciency of translation in vitro. Secondly, a stimulatory effect of the 3 ¢ end sequences on IRESdependent translation was found in vivo using bicistronic constructs. RNAs carrying the FMDV 3¢ end sequences linked to the second cistron showed a signi®cant stimulation of IRES-dependent translation, whereas cap-dependent translation was not affected. Remarkably, IRES-dependent stimulation exerted by the poly(A) tract or the 3¢-NCR seems to be the result of two separate events, as the 3¢-NCR alone enhanced IRES activity on its own. Under conditions of FMDV Lb protease-induced translation shut-off, the stimulation of IRES activity reached values above 6-fold in living cells. A northern blot analysis indicated that IRES stimulation was not the consequence of a change in the stability of the bicistronic RNA produced in transfected cells. Analysis of the RNA-binding proteins interacting with a mixture of 3 ¢ end and IRES probes showed an additive pattern. Altogether, our results strongly suggest that individual signals in the viral 3 ¢ end ensure stimulation of FMDV translation.
The hepatitis C virus RNA 3 ′ - untranslated region strongly enhances translation directed by the internal ribosome entry site
- Journal of Virology
, 2006
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Cited by 9 (0 self)
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These include: This article cites 59 articles, 40 of which can be accessed free at:
