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18
Visualizing the evolution of community structures in dynamic social networks
- Computer Graphics Forum
"... Social network analysis is the study of patterns of interaction between social entities. The field is attracting increasing attention from diverse disciplines including sociology, epidemiology, and behavioral ecology. An important sociological phenomenon that draws the attention of analysts is the e ..."
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Cited by 14 (0 self)
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Social network analysis is the study of patterns of interaction between social entities. The field is attracting increasing attention from diverse disciplines including sociology, epidemiology, and behavioral ecology. An important sociological phenomenon that draws the attention of analysts is the emergence of communities, which tend to form, evolve, and dissolve gradually over a period of time. Understanding this evolution is crucial to sociologists and domain scientists, and often leads to a better appreciation of the social system under study. Therefore, it is imperative that social network visualization tools support this task. While graph-based representations are well suited for investigating structural properties of networks at a single point in time, they appear to be significantly less useful when used to analyze gradual structural changes over a period of time. In this paper, we present an interactive visualization methodology for dynamic social networks. Our technique focuses on revealing the community structure implied by the evolving interaction patterns between individuals. We apply our visualization to analyze the community structure in the US House of Representatives. We also report on a user study conducted with the participation of behavioral ecologists working with social network datasets that depict interactions between wild animals. Findings from the user study confirm that the visualization was helpful in providing answers to sociological questions as well as eliciting new observations on the social organization of the population under study.
Deursen, “Communication in open source software development mailing lists
- in Proceedings of MSR 2013 (10th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories
"... Abstract—Open source software (OSS) development teams use electronic means, such as emails, instant messaging, or forums, to conduct open and public discussions. Researchers investigated mailing lists considering them as a hub for project communica-tion. Prior work focused on specific aspects of ema ..."
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Abstract—Open source software (OSS) development teams use electronic means, such as emails, instant messaging, or forums, to conduct open and public discussions. Researchers investigated mailing lists considering them as a hub for project communica-tion. Prior work focused on specific aspects of emails, for example the handling of patches, traceability concerns, or social networks. This led to insights pertaining to the investigated aspects, but not to a comprehensive view of what developers communicate about. Our objective is to increase the understanding of development mailing lists communication. We quantitatively and qualitatively analyzed a sample of 506 email threads from the development mailing list of a major OSS project, Lucene. Our investigation reveals that implementation details are discussed only in about 35 % of the threads, and that a range of other topics is discussed. Moreover, core developers participate in less than 75 % of the threads. We observed that the development mailing list is not the main player in OSS project communication, as it also includes other channels such as the issue repository. I.
Remixing visualization to support collaboration in software maintenance
- In Proceedings of the Frontiers of Software Maintenance (FoSM). IEEE
, 2008
"... We propose that collaborative software visualization can improve team software maintenance. We first review how visualization can support software maintenance from the perspectives of system understanding, process understanding and software evolution. From this, we conclude that visualization tools ..."
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We propose that collaborative software visualization can improve team software maintenance. We first review how visualization can support software maintenance from the perspectives of system understanding, process understanding and software evolution. From this, we conclude that visualization tools are rarely designed to provide explicit support for collaborative authoring and sharing of views. We then provide an overview of research from a Computer Supported Cooperative Work perspective, and propose that this research should be applied to software visualization. We explore the opportunities and challenges this research focus presents and conclude that more attention paid to the social aspects of software visualization should improve both individual and team processes in software maintenance. 1.
On the Central Role of Mailing Lists in Open Source Projects: An Exploratory Study
"... Abstract. Mailing lists provide a rich set of data that can be used to improve and enhance our understanding of software processes and practices. This infor-mation allows us to study development characteristics like team structure, ac-tivity, and social interaction. In this paper, we perform an expl ..."
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Abstract. Mailing lists provide a rich set of data that can be used to improve and enhance our understanding of software processes and practices. This infor-mation allows us to study development characteristics like team structure, ac-tivity, and social interaction. In this paper, we perform an exploratory study on the GNOME project and recover operational knowledge from mailing list dis-cussions. Our findings indicate that mailing list activity is driven by a dominant group of participants, that it is greatly connected to development activity, yet in-fluenced by external factors like market competition. Our results provide a broad picture of the central role played by mailing lists in open source projects. 1
Audience Analysis for Competing Memes in Social Media
- In Proceedings of the Ninth International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM-15
, 2015
"... Existing tools for exploratory analysis of information diffu-sion in social media focus on the message senders who ac-tively diffuse the meme. We develop a tool for audience analysis, focusing on the people who are passively exposed to the messages, with a special emphasis on competing memes such as ..."
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Existing tools for exploratory analysis of information diffu-sion in social media focus on the message senders who ac-tively diffuse the meme. We develop a tool for audience analysis, focusing on the people who are passively exposed to the messages, with a special emphasis on competing memes such as propagations and corrections of a rumor. In such competing meme diffusions, important questions in-clude which meme reached a bigger total audience, the overlap in audiences of the two, and whether exposure to one meme inhibited propagation of the other. We track audience members ’ states of interaction, such as having been exposed to one meme or another or both. We analyze the marginal impact of each message in terms of the number of people who transition between states as a result of that message. These marginal impacts can be computed efficiently, even for diffusions involving thousands of send-ers and millions of receivers. The marginal impacts provide the raw material for an interactive tool, RumorLens, that in-cludes a Sankey diagram and a network diagram. We vali-date the utility of the tool through a case study of nine ru-mor diffusions. We validate the usability of the tool through a user study, showing that nonexperts are able to use it to answer audience analysis questions.
The state of the art in visualizing group structures in graphs
, 2015
"... Graph visualizations encode relationships between objects. Abstracting the objects into group structures provides an overview of the data. Groups can be disjoint or overlapping, and might be organized hierarchically. How-ever, the underlying graph still needs to be represented for analyzing the dat ..."
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Graph visualizations encode relationships between objects. Abstracting the objects into group structures provides an overview of the data. Groups can be disjoint or overlapping, and might be organized hierarchically. How-ever, the underlying graph still needs to be represented for analyzing the data in more depth. This work surveys research in visualizing group structures as part of graph diagrams. A particular focus is the explicit visual en-coding of groups, rather than only using graph layout to implicitly indicate groups. We introduce a taxonomy of visualization techniques structuring the field into four main categories: visual node attributes vary properties of the node representation to encode the grouping, juxtaposed approaches use two separate visualizations, superim-posed techniques work with two aligned visual layers, and embedded visualizations tightly integrate group and graph representation. We discuss results from evaluations of those techniques as well as main areas of application. Finally, we report future challenges based on interviews we conducted with leading researchers of the field.
Envisioning National and International Research on the Multidisciplinary Empirical Science of Free/Open Source Software
"... We seek to establish and sustain an agenda for a national program for research on free/open source software (FOSS, or sometimes FLOSS) by academic and industrial researchers in different disciplines. This proposal describes our vision for such a research agenda, along with the international workshop ..."
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We seek to establish and sustain an agenda for a national program for research on free/open source software (FOSS, or sometimes FLOSS) by academic and industrial researchers in different disciplines. This proposal describes our vision for such a research agenda, along with the international workshop and supporting meetings we propose to conduct in order to develop the agenda to guide future research. The activities build from recent research meetings on FOSS support multi-disciplinary studies of FOSS development. We also identify our goals, assessment method, activities, outcomes, and results from recent meetings giving rise to this proposal. Why we need a national research program in Free/Open Source Software Even though Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) is widely used, we believe the much of the Computer Science research community has yet to fully recognize its potential to change the world of research and development of software-intensive systems across disciplines. Tens of thousands of FOSS
ABSTRACT STARGATE: An Author-Centric Approach to
"... With the success of open source software projects, such as Apache and Mozilla, comes the opportunity to study the development process. In this paper, we present StarGate: a novel system for visualizing software projects. Whereas previous software project visualizations concentrated mainly on the sou ..."
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With the success of open source software projects, such as Apache and Mozilla, comes the opportunity to study the development process. In this paper, we present StarGate: a novel system for visualizing software projects. Whereas previous software project visualizations concentrated mainly on the source code changes, we literally place the developers in the center of our design. Developers are grouped visually into clusters corresponding to the areas of the file repository they work on the most. Connections are drawn between people who communicate via email. The changes to the repository are also displayed. With StarGate, it is easy to look beyond the source code and see trends in developer activity. The system can be used by anyone interested in the project, but it especially benefits project managers, project novices and software engineering researchers. The StarGate construct can be used to visualize not only software projects, but also music catalogues, online forums, and generally any complex system that features a network connected to a hierarchy.
Free/Open Source Software
"... We seek to establish and sustain an agenda for a national program for research on free/open source software (FOSS, or sometimes FLOSS) by academic and industrial researchers in different disciplines. This proposal describes our vision for such a research agenda, along with the international workshop ..."
Abstract
- Add to MetaCart
We seek to establish and sustain an agenda for a national program for research on free/open source software (FOSS, or sometimes FLOSS) by academic and industrial researchers in different disciplines. This proposal describes our vision for such a research agenda, along with the international workshop and supporting meetings we propose to conduct in order to develop the agenda to guide future research. The activities build from recent research meetings on FOSS support multi-disciplinary studies of FOSS development. We also identify our goals, assessment method, activities, outcomes, and results from recent meetings giving rise to this proposal. Why we need a national research program in Free/Open Source Software Even though Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) is widely used, we believe the much of the Computer Science research community has yet to fully recognize its potential to change the world of research and development of software-intensive systems across disciplines. Tens of thousands of FOSS projects are up and running world-wide, and millions of end-users of computing increasingly rely on FOSS-based systems. Growing numbers of research projects in physical, social, and human sciences, as well as the
