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160
Level-Spacing Distributions and the Airy Kernel
- COMMUNICATIONS IN MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS
, 1994
"... Scaling level-spacing distribution functions in the "bulk of the spectrum" in random matrix models of N x N hermitian matrices and then going to the limit N — » oo leads to the Fredholm determinant of the sine kernel sinπ(x — y)/π(x — y). Similarly a scaling limit at the "edge o ..."
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Cited by 430 (24 self)
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Scaling level-spacing distribution functions in the "bulk of the spectrum" in random matrix models of N x N hermitian matrices and then going to the limit N — » oo leads to the Fredholm determinant of the sine kernel sinπ(x — y)/π(x — y). Similarly a scaling limit at the "edge of the spectrum " leads to the Airy kernel [Ai(x) Ai(y) — Ai (x) Ai(y)]/(x — y). In this paper we derive analogues for this Airy kernel of the following properties of the sine kernel: the completely integrable system of P.D.E.'s found by Jimbo, Miwa, Mori, and Sato; the expression, in the case of a single interval, of the Fredholm determinant in terms of a Painleve transcendent; the existence of a commuting differential operator; and the fact that this operator can be used in the derivation of asymptotics, for general n, of the probability that an interval contains precisely n eigenvalues.
On the distribution of the largest eigenvalue in principal components analysis
- ANN. STATIST
, 2001
"... Let x �1 � denote the square of the largest singular value of an n × p matrix X, all of whose entries are independent standard Gaussian variates. Equivalently, x �1 � is the largest principal component variance of the covariance matrix X ′ X, or the largest eigenvalue of a p-variate Wishart distribu ..."
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Cited by 422 (4 self)
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Let x �1 � denote the square of the largest singular value of an n × p matrix X, all of whose entries are independent standard Gaussian variates. Equivalently, x �1 � is the largest principal component variance of the covariance matrix X ′ X, or the largest eigenvalue of a p-variate Wishart distribution on n degrees of freedom with identity covariance. Consider the limit of large p and n with n/p = γ ≥ 1. When centered by µ p = � √ n − 1 + √ p � 2 and scaled by σ p = � √ n − 1 + √ p��1 / √ n − 1 + 1 / √ p � 1/3 � the distribution of x �1 � approaches the Tracy–Widom lawof order 1, which is defined in terms of the Painlevé II differential equation and can be numerically evaluated and tabulated in software. Simulations showthe approximation to be informative for n and p as small as 5. The limit is derived via a corresponding result for complex Wishart matrices using methods from random matrix theory. The result suggests that some aspects of large p multivariate distribution theory may be easier to apply in practice than their fixed p counterparts.
Log-gases and random matrices
, 2010
"... method to calculate correlation functions for β = 1 random ..."
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Cited by 197 (18 self)
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method to calculate correlation functions for β = 1 random
Phase transition of the largest eigenvalue for non-null complex sample covariance matrices
, 2008
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Asymptotics of Plancherel measures for symmetric groups
- J. AMER. MATH. SOC
, 2000
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Scale invariance of the PNG droplet and the Airy process
- J. Stat. Phys
"... We establish that the static height fluctuations of a particular growth model, the PNG droplet, converges upon proper rescaling to a limit process, which we call the Airy process, A(y). The Airy process is stationary, it has continuous sample paths, its single “time ” (fixed y) distribution is the T ..."
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Cited by 176 (21 self)
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We establish that the static height fluctuations of a particular growth model, the PNG droplet, converges upon proper rescaling to a limit process, which we call the Airy process, A(y). The Airy process is stationary, it has continuous sample paths, its single “time ” (fixed y) distribution is the Tracy–Widom distribution of the largest eigenvalue of a GUE random matrix, and the Airy process has a slow decay of correlations as y−2. Roughly the Airy process describes the last line of Dyson’s Brownian motion model for random matrices. Our construction uses a multi–layer version of the PNG model, which can be analyzed through fermionic techniques. Specializing our result to a fixed value of y, one reobtains the celebrated result of Baik, Deift, and Johansson on the length of the longest increasing subsequence of a random permutation. 1 The PNG droplet The polynuclear growth (PNG) model is a simplified model for layer by layer growth [1, 2]. Initially one has a perfectly flat crystal in contact with its supersaturated vapor. Once in a while a supercritical seed is formed, which then spreads laterally by further attachment of particles at its perimeter sites. Such islands coalesce if they are in the same layer and further islands may be nucleated upon already existing ones. The PNG model ignores the lateral lattice
Eigenvalues of large sample covariance matrices of spiked population models
, 2006
"... We consider a spiked population model, proposed by Johnstone, whose population eigenvalues are all unit except for a few fixed eigenvalues. The question is to determine how the sample eigenvalues depend on the non-unit population ones when both sample size and population size become large. This pape ..."
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Cited by 163 (8 self)
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We consider a spiked population model, proposed by Johnstone, whose population eigenvalues are all unit except for a few fixed eigenvalues. The question is to determine how the sample eigenvalues depend on the non-unit population ones when both sample size and population size become large. This paper completely determines the almost sure limits for a general class of samples. 1
Random matrices: Universality of local eigenvalue statistics up to the edge
, 2009
"... This is a continuation of our earlier paper [25] on the universality of the eigenvalues of Wigner random matrices. The main new results of this paper are an extension of the results in [25] from the bulk of the spectrum up to the edge. In particular, we prove a variant of the universality results ..."
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Cited by 156 (18 self)
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This is a continuation of our earlier paper [25] on the universality of the eigenvalues of Wigner random matrices. The main new results of this paper are an extension of the results in [25] from the bulk of the spectrum up to the edge. In particular, we prove a variant of the universality results of Soshnikov [23] for the largest eigenvalues, assuming moment conditions rather than symmetry conditions. The main new technical observation is that there is a significant bias in the Cauchy interlacing law near the edge of the spectrum which allows one to continue ensuring the delocalization of eigenvectors.
Universality at the edge of the spectrum in Wigner random matrices
, 2003
"... We prove universality at the edge for rescaled correlation functions of Wigner random matrices in the limit n → +∞. As a corollary, we show that, after proper rescaling, the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. eigenvalues of Wigner random hermitian (or real symmetric) matrix weakly converge to the distributions est ..."
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Cited by 150 (8 self)
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We prove universality at the edge for rescaled correlation functions of Wigner random matrices in the limit n → +∞. As a corollary, we show that, after proper rescaling, the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc. eigenvalues of Wigner random hermitian (or real symmetric) matrix weakly converge to the distributions established by Tracy and Widom in G.U.E. (G.O.E.) cases.
