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... their infants, is associated with both secure attachment and mentalisation (Fonagy & Target, 1997; Meins et al., 2003; Meins et al., 2002; Peterson & Slaughter, 2003; Sharp, Fonagy, & Goodyer, 2006; =-=Slade, 2005-=-). Tolerating negative affect may be a shared characteristic of secure attachment and a family environment facilitating mentalising. For example, family-wide talk about negative emotions, often precip...

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...ity to reflect on the mental states of self and others. The extent to which the parent treats the child as a psychological agent, reflecting their child’s experience and attributing intentionality to the child provides the foundation for secure attachment which in turn, provides the opportunity for the child’s own development of mentalizing ability [19, 47]. In other words, children are more likely to develop secure attachment in an environment where caregivers have well-developed mentalizing capacities [20, 22]. Thus, factors such as maternal mindmindedness [33], parental reflective function [50], and maternal accuracy [48] play a crucial role in the development of positive psychosocial outcomes in children. Maternal mind-mindedness is operationalized as the mother’s ability to engage with her child at a mental level and treat her child as a psychological agent [33, 34], parental reflective function refers to a parent’s capacity to reflect on her own child’s experience [22], and maternal accuracy or parental mentalizing is defined as the appropriateness by which a mother reads her child’s mental state [28, 48]. In a longitudinal study, researchers [43] demonstrated a relationship betw...

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...chronic sense of “current threat” (e.g., Ehlers & Clark, 2000) and difficulties in reflective thinking (i.e., the capacity to understand behavior in terms of underlying mental states and intentions) (=-=Slade, 2005-=-). Chana: I am angry, very very angry. I am also a nervous wreck lately. I am easily annoyed by small things, silly things. It’s as if I’ve been taken over by my nerves. I wasn’t like this before. I f...

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...mind” (Allen et al,s2008, p3). Mental states include thoughts, feelings and intentions; mentalisingsinvolves “the capacity to think about feeling and to feel about thinking” insoneself and in others (=-=Slade, 2005-=-; p271). Fonagy and colleagues (1991) proposesAssessment of infants A.4 13 IACAPAP Textbook of Child and Adolescent Mental Health that the parent’s capacity to hold the child’s experience in mind is l...

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...mentalizing capacity; the term,sparental reflective functioning, would therefore refer to parents’ demonstrated aptitude tosreflect upon their own as well as their child’s internal mental experience (=-=Slade, 2005-=-).sThis process of perceiving and making meaning of internal states serves crucialsintrapersonal functions that sharply resemble mindfulness-related competencies: itsprovides the means to discover vit...

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...ing childrens15staking into the care system as similar to intergenerational patterns of abuse, of between 1040% (Bonnice, 2002, Cashmore & Paxman, 1996; Kaufman & Zigler, 1993; Pears & Capaldi,s2001; =-=Slade, 2005-=-) which means that the vast majority do not go on to repeat the ‘carescycle’. Both teenage motherhood and a presence of childhood abuse in the mother’sspersonal history have both been identified as ri...

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...s include: theory of mind (Meins, 2002), mindsmindedness (Rosenblum et al., 2008), empathy (Kiang et. al, 2004), emotion regulation (Cassidy,s1994), and reflective functioning (Fonagy & Target, 2005; =-=Slade, 2005-=-; Steele & Steele, 2008).sAll of these concepts are related in that they recognize the importance of a parent’s ability tosidentify emotions in themselves and others.sParental reflective functioning i...

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... and mental state in mind and use those observations to make sense out the child’ssbehavior. This is called parental reflective functioning, and it influences the developmental outcomessof the child (=-=Slade, 2005-=-).sIn summary, pictures represent a carefully selected presentation of the self and family life.sFamily pictures tend to follow a particular script, with some events nearly always appearing ins18 ! pi...