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228
Income Risk, Coping Strategies and Safety Nets.” CSAE Working Paper. Oxford: Centre for the Study of African Economies
, 2000
"... World Development Report 2000/01. Much of the research ..."
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Cited by 221 (12 self)
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World Development Report 2000/01. Much of the research
Trade Liberalization and Poverty: the Evidence so Far
- JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC LITERATURE
, 2004
"... ..."
The Rural Non-Farm Sector: Issues And Evidence From Developing Countries
, 2001
"... The rural non-farm sector has traditionally been viewed as a low-productivity sector which produces low quality goods. It is often expected to wither away as a country develops. Recent years have seen a shift away from this position towards recognition that the rural non-farm sector can, and often d ..."
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Cited by 75 (0 self)
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The rural non-farm sector has traditionally been viewed as a low-productivity sector which produces low quality goods. It is often expected to wither away as a country develops. Recent years have seen a shift away from this position towards recognition that the rural non-farm sector can, and often does, contribute to economic growth, rural employment, poverty reduction, and a more spatially balanced population distribution. This paper reviews the literature on the conceptual and empirical underpinnings of this more recent perspective, focussing on the experience in developing countries. The paper documents the size and heterogeneity of the sector, pointing to evidence that in many countries the sector is expanding rather than declining. The issues associated with measuring the sector's economic contribution are discussed, followed by empirical assessments for several countries and regions. The distributional impact of non-farm earnings is examined and it is found that a pro-poor impact, while by no means inevitable, can be considerable. The sector's trajectory over time, in different settings, is reviewed and the scope for, and experience of, various policy interventions is discussed.
Confronting the Coffee Crisis: Can Fair Trade, Organic, and Specialty Coffees Reduce Small-Scale Farmer Vulnerability in Northern Nicaragua
- World Development
, 2005
"... doi:10.1016/j.worlddev.2004.10.002 ..."
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Between the market and the state: Can informal insurance patch the safety net
- World Bank Research Observer
, 1999
"... 2. Evidence on risk-sharing 3. Informal insurance mechanisms 4. Re-examining the costs of “crowding out” 5. Tensions in informal insurance systems ..."
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Cited by 46 (3 self)
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2. Evidence on risk-sharing 3. Informal insurance mechanisms 4. Re-examining the costs of “crowding out” 5. Tensions in informal insurance systems
Avoiding Disaster: Diversification and Risk Management among East African Herders. Development and Change 32
, 2001
"... ABSTRACT This article addresses processes of livelihood diversification among pastoralists in the rangelands of northern Kenya and southern Ethiopia. The objectives of the article are threefold: (1) to suggest a theoretical framework for addressing income diversification among pastoralists with ref ..."
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Cited by 44 (11 self)
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ABSTRACT This article addresses processes of livelihood diversification among pastoralists in the rangelands of northern Kenya and southern Ethiopia. The objectives of the article are threefold: (1) to suggest a theoretical framework for addressing income diversification among pastoralists with reference to current literature and databases; (2) to present a case study on pastoral income diversification based on preliminary field research in northern Kenya and southern Ethiopia; and (3) to summarize current understandings of pastoral diversification while pointing to additional empirical research needs. By showing how comparative analyses in the region have been constrained by theoretical and data deficiencies, the article explores ways in which income diversification differs by what are termed conditional, opportunity, and local response variables. Climate, distance to market towns, gender, wealth, and education are attributes covered by these variables and discussed in the article. The conceptualization and case study provide useful bases for conducting comparative research on pastoral diversification in East Africa specifically, and in sub-Saharan Africa generally.
Labor Effects of Adult Mortality in Tanzanian Households
, 2003
"... ... this paper will explore how prime-age adult mortality impacts the time allocation of surviving household members and the portfolio of household farming activities. Analysis of farm and chore hours across demographic groups generally found small and insignificant changes in labor supply of indivi ..."
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Cited by 44 (0 self)
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... this paper will explore how prime-age adult mortality impacts the time allocation of surviving household members and the portfolio of household farming activities. Analysis of farm and chore hours across demographic groups generally found small and insignificant changes in labor supply of individuals in households experiencing a prime-age adult death. While some farm activities are temporarily scaled back and wage employment falls after a male death, households did not shift cultivation towards subsistence food farming and did not appear to have reduced their diversification over income sources more than six months after a death
The Complex Dynamics of Smallholder Technology Adoption: The Case
- of SRI in Madagascar.” Cornell University Working Paper
"... This paper explores the dynamics of smallholder technology adoption, with particular reference to a high-yielding, low-external input rice production method in Madagascar. We present a simple model of technology adoption by farm households in an environment of incomplete financial and land markets. ..."
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Cited by 44 (16 self)
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This paper explores the dynamics of smallholder technology adoption, with particular reference to a high-yielding, low-external input rice production method in Madagascar. We present a simple model of technology adoption by farm households in an environment of incomplete financial and land markets. We then use a probit model and a symmetrically trimmed least squares estimation of a dynamic Tobit model to analyze the decisions to adopt, expand and disadopt the method. We find that seasonal liquidity constraints discourage adoption by poorer farmers. Learning effects – both from extension agents and from other farmers – exert significant influence over adoption decisions.
Asset, Activity, and Income Diversification among African Agriculturalists: Some Practical Issues
, 2000
"... this paper. This work was made possible by support provided in part by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) Agreement No. LAGA -00-96-90016-00 through the Broadening Access and Strengthening Input Market Systems Collaborative Research Support Program (BASIS CRSP). All views, interpret ..."
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Cited by 39 (0 self)
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this paper. This work was made possible by support provided in part by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) Agreement No. LAGA -00-96-90016-00 through the Broadening Access and Strengthening Input Market Systems Collaborative Research Support Program (BASIS CRSP). All views, interpretations, recommendations, and conclusions expressed in the paper are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the supporting or cooperating institutions
Non-Agricultural Earnings in Periurban Areas of Tanzania: Evidence from Household Survey Data
, 1999
"... this paper should not be taken to reflect those of the World Bank or any of its affiliates. All remaining errors are our own ..."
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Cited by 34 (1 self)
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this paper should not be taken to reflect those of the World Bank or any of its affiliates. All remaining errors are our own
