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... ion-binding domain; NTPase, NTPase domain; HEL, helicase domain; ?, function unknown. § (1) den Boon et al., 1991; (2) Snijder et al., 1994; (3) Snijder et al., 1996; (4) Wassenaar et al., 1997; (5) =-=Snijder et al., 1995-=-; (6) Godeny et al., 1993; (7) Meulenberg et al., 1993; (8) Nelsen et al., 1999; (9) Allende et al., 1999; (10) Palmer et al., 1995; (11) van Dinten et al., 1996; (12) van Marle et al., 1999b; (13) va...

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...tein is released by cleavage between Gly831 and Gly832 and the catalytic activity responsible is within the N-terminal 165 residues of nsP2 as this domain can induce cleavage at the 2/3 site in trans =-=(97)-=-. Sequence comparisons suggested that the catalytic residues in the cysteine proteinase domainwere Cys270 andHis332. Substitutions of these residues completely abolished proteolytic activity, but so d...

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...SV strains (Fig. 3A). Comparison of putative functional domains of VR-2332 ORF 1 to other viruses. As shown in Fig. 3B, panel 1, VR-2332 ORF 1a PCP motifs were aligned with those of LV, LDVP, and EAV =-=(13, 57, 58, 66)-=-. PCPa is well conserved between both strains of PRRSV and LDVP. However, the putative catalytic residues of PCPb, when aligned, suggest that there is considerable divergence between the viruses, incl...

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...4L contained in its C terminus the four conserved motifs of an OTU homology domain (position 596 to 719), including residues in motif I (C601) and motif IV (H718) thought to be important for cleavage =-=(54, 68)-=-. IIV3084L also contained a highly positively charged region (position 137 to 218) and a putative bipartite NLS (position 410), features shared by IIV-1 (Tipula iridescent virus) late protein L96 (35%...

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...s and pigs. They are positive-sense, nonsegmented RNA viruses that contain an OTU domain within their nonstructural protein 2 (nsp2), which is also involved in viral replicase polyprotein processing (=-=Snijder et al., 1995-=-). We found that these viral OTU domains, in contrast to known mammalian OTU proteases, display a broad deconjugating activity toward ubiquitinated and ISGylated products and consequently inhibit inna...

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...ysteine proteases and chymotrypsin-like serine proteases. This protease is responsible for nsp2/3 cleavage and functions as a cofactor with nsp4 serine protease to process the other cleavage products =-=(47, 48, 60)-=-. The nsp2 protein is also implicated in the formation of double membrane vesicles, as well as acting as a membrane anchor for the assembly of multiprotein viral replication complexes (38). Besides it...

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...ures by Wensvoort et al in Europe in 1991 (52) and was designated Lelystad virus (LV). Soon after that, the virus (ATCC VR-2332) was isolated on an MA104 derived cell line, CL 2621, by Collins et al. =-=(10)-=- in the United States in 1992 and identified as the swine infertility and respiratory syndrome (SIRS) virus. Initially several names were used to refer to the disease: mystery swine disease (23); swin...