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...ountries on the website Doodle, finding correlations between purported national characteristics and both the time at which users responded to Doodle polls, as well as the number of options they chose =-=[48]-=-. Zhao et al. found that the mode of communication and relationship between parties interacted with national identity in a study of willingness to disclose information [65]. They ran a scenario-based ...

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...or websites [32], and that groups in Western societies, such as in the US, are less likely to reach consensus in online scheduling systems than groups in Eastern societies, such as in China and Japan =-=[33]-=-. Ideally, we would therefore routinely study diverse populations to analyze the generalizability of results and uncover demographics-related differences in users’ behaviors. However, studying and com...

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...3. Responses in open polls have higher positive correlation with previous responses compared to hidden polls. 4. Open polls have higher response rates for very popular and unpopular time slots. Intermediate time slots have similar response rates between open and hidden polls. 5. These empirical results are inconsistent with traditional models of approval voting. We propose a new model, whereby responders in open polls vote for their preferred time slots while also trying to appear cooperative, to explain the data. 1.2 Related work Voting patterns in Doodle have been studied by Reinecke et al. [19], who focus on cultural differences between countries. In particular they show that participants in collectivist countries tend to coordinate more with one another in open polls. We used data from a single country (US) to avoid such differences as much as possible. The phenomenon of vote coordination in open online polls is related to herding [5, 24, 12, 1], where information revealed in early votes influences voting dynamics and leads to a failure of information aggregation. Herding typically refers to situations where a voter faces a binary choice (e.g., to recommend a product or not, or cho...

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...nciples of e-voting systems; this identified the design principles of generality, freedom, equality, secrecy, directness and democracy as the requirements of voting systems. These principles, which are considered necessary for national binding elections, are not necessarily appropriate in less formal contexts. Figure 1 illustrates our proposed framework to capture the design space of digital voting for participation. The framework is derived not only from security research but also by reviewing the features of a number of widely used e-voting systems such as SMS voting, polling for scheduling [30] and idea management systems [2] (amongst others). Our framework is tractable, and thus easily extensible by other researchers. Each one of the design categories in the framework consists of a set of attributes of digital voting systems that can be found today across a broad spectrum of decision making contexts as discussed above. We consider the important decisions to be made in the configuration of any poll to be based upon the design categories of eligibility, fairness, secrecy and the method of expression given to voters. 3.2 Eligibility The criteria by which someone is judged eligible to ...

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...ocedures [17]. Such cultural differences have visible manifestations not only in the actions people undertake in the physical world, but also in the behaviour they manifest in the online world (e.g., =-=[28, 6]-=-). We thus hypothesize that users’ participation in computermediated crowd-mapping activities like OSM varies significantly between countries. As such initiatives heavily rely on local volunteers to a...

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...rough his analysis derived five cultural dimensions that could explain most of the variation between cultures in his observations [7]. These factors were recently shown, in a study by Reinecke et al. =-=[15]-=-, to correlate with differences in behavior of office workers in different countries scheduling meetings, which demonstrates that cultural differences continue to have an effect on workplace behavior ...