Abstract—Late arrival to jobs and meetings is a critical problem in a number of domains, such as building construction. Smartphones are a promising platform for detecting late arrivals and notifying affected parties due to the variety of sensors they possess, persistent Internet connection, and access to a user’s calendar data. This paper presents a power-efficient cyber-physical approach to indoor/outdoor late arrival detection, called LifeSaver. The paper provides the following three contributions to the study of late arrival detection and notification with smartphones: 1) it presents a cyber-physical approach for using accelerometer data to predict when a user is moving and make more power efficient localization decisions; 2) it shows how Bluetooth beacons can be used to provide a simplified meeting room localization mechanism for smartphones; and 3) it presents empirical results showing that the cyber-physical LifeSaver late arrival detection approach uses 43 % less power compared to lateness detection approaches that rely on standard localization strategies. Keywords-cyber-physical systems, smartphones, mobile com-puting, indoor/outdoor localization, l I.

The research presented in this thesis covers two specific problems within the larger domain of cyber-physical algorithms for enhancing collaboration between one or more people. The two specific problems are 1) determining when people are going to arrive late to a meeting and 2) creating ad-hoc secure pairing protocols for short-range communication. The domain was broken down at opposite extremes in order to derive these problems to work on: 1) collaborations that are planned long in advance and deviations from the plan need to be detected and 2) collaborations that are not planned and need to be dynamically created and secured. Empirical results show the functionality and performance of user late arrival detection for planned collaborations and end-user authentication protocols for unplanned collaborations. Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank my research advisor, Dr. Jules White. His guidance and continuous support has played an incredible role throughout my thesis. He helped me on all the techincal papers that have been published the past couple of years of my research. He