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Land distribution and international agricultural productivity
- American Journal of Agricultural Economics
"... Abstract: Previous research has suggested that there is a relationship between land distribution and productivity in agriculture. This paper estimates a cross-country agricultural production function that includes for the first time measures of land distribution as elements of productivity. The meas ..."
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Abstract: Previous research has suggested that there is a relationship between land distribution and productivity in agriculture. This paper estimates a cross-country agricultural production function that includes for the first time measures of land distribution as elements of productivity. The measures capture both the size distribution of holdings within a country, and the availability of holdings across the agricultural population. The estimates suggest a very large and significant role for the size distribution of holdings. This role, though, does not appear to arise because of the decreasing returns to farm size that are often identified in micro-level research. The results indicate that improvements in the distribution of agricultural land are a potential source of gains in agricultural productivity, and income per capita, across countries.
Stochastic Food Prices and Slash-and-Burn Agriculture,” Environment and Development Economics 4
, 1999
"... This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Economics at ..."
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This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Economics at
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- University of Michigan
, 1980
"... Genetic variability among isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from sugar beet ..."
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Genetic variability among isolates of Fusarium oxysporum from sugar beet
The welfare impacts of commodity price volatility: evidence from rural Ethiopia, in:
- American Journal of Agricultural Economics,
, 2013
"... Abstract Many governments have tried to stabilize commodity prices based on the widespread belief that households in developing countries -especially poorer ones -value price stability, defined here as the lack of fluctuations around a mean price level. We derive a measure of multivariate price ris ..."
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Abstract Many governments have tried to stabilize commodity prices based on the widespread belief that households in developing countries -especially poorer ones -value price stability, defined here as the lack of fluctuations around a mean price level. We derive a measure of multivariate price risk aversion as well as an associated measure of willingness to pay for price stabilization across multiple commodities. Using data from a panel of Ethiopian households, our estimates suggest that the average household would be willing to pay 6-32 percent of its income to eliminate volatility in the prices of the seven primary food commodities. Not everyone benefits from price stabilization, however. Contrary to conventional wisdom, the welfare gains from eliminating price volatility would be concentrated in the upper 40 percent of the income distribution, making food price stabilization a distributionally regressive policy in this context. JEL Classification Codes: D13, D80, E64, O12, Q12
Model Selection in Stochastic Frontier Analysis: Maize Production in Kenya
"... document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ∗ I would like to thank Peter Schmidt and Bob Myers for their suggestions and guidance. Thanks also go to Thomas Jayne for generously providing me the data, Elliot Mghenyi, Kirimi Sindi ..."
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document for non-commercial purposes by any means, provided that this copyright notice appears on all such copies. ∗ I would like to thank Peter Schmidt and Bob Myers for their suggestions and guidance. Thanks also go to Thomas Jayne for generously providing me the data, Elliot Mghenyi, Kirimi Sindi, Tavneet Suri, Zhiying Xu, and especially Margaret Beaver for helping me understand the data. All remaining errors and omissions are my own. 1
Sustainable Versus Unsustainable Agricultural Intensification in Africa: Focus on Policy Reforms and Market Conditions
"... Draft, please obtain permission of the authors before citing; comments welcome. ..."
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Draft, please obtain permission of the authors before citing; comments welcome.
The Relationship between Farm Size and Productivity: Empirical Evidence from the Nepalese mid-hills
, 2007
"... Nepalese mid-hills ..."
Food Price Volatility and Domestic Stabilization Policies in Developing Countries.” Paper presented at
- NBER Conference on “Economics of Food Price Volatility” in
"... When food prices spike in countries with large numbers of poor people, public intervention is essential to alleviate hunger and malnutrition. For governments, this is also a case of political survival. Government actions often take the form of direct interventions in the market to stabilize food pri ..."
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When food prices spike in countries with large numbers of poor people, public intervention is essential to alleviate hunger and malnutrition. For governments, this is also a case of political survival. Government actions often take the form of direct interventions in the market to stabilize food prices, which goes against most international advice to rely on safety nets and world trade. Despite the limitations of food price stabilization policies, they are widespread in developing countries. This paper attempts to untangle the elements of this policy conundrum. Price stabilization policies arise as a result of international and domestic coordination problems. At the individual country level, it is in the national interest of many countries to adjust trade policies to take ad-vantage of
THEWELFARE IMPACTS OF COMMODITY PRICE VOLATILITY: EVIDENCE FROM RURAL ETHIOPIA
"... How does commodity price volatility affect the welfare of rural households in developing countries, for whomhedging and consumption smoothing are often difficult?When governments choose to intervene in order to stabilize commodity prices, as they often do, who gains the most? This article develops a ..."
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How does commodity price volatility affect the welfare of rural households in developing countries, for whomhedging and consumption smoothing are often difficult?When governments choose to intervene in order to stabilize commodity prices, as they often do, who gains the most? This article develops an analytical framework and an empirical strategy to answer those questions, along with illustrative empirical results based on panel data from rural Ethiopian households. Contrary to conventional wisdom, we find that the welfare gains from eliminating price volatility are increasing in household income, making food price stabilization a distributionally regressive policy in this context.
ABSTRACT
"... In this paper, we take the sample-path approach in analyzing the asymptotic behavior of single-hop bandwidth estimation under bursty cross-traffic and show that these results are provably different from those observed under fluid models of prior work. This difference, which we call the probing bias, ..."
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In this paper, we take the sample-path approach in analyzing the asymptotic behavior of single-hop bandwidth estimation under bursty cross-traffic and show that these results are provably different from those observed under fluid models of prior work. This difference, which we call the probing bias, is one of the previously unknown factors that can cause measurement inaccuracies in available bandwidth estimation. We present an analytical formulation of “packet probing, ” based on which we derive several major properties of the probing bias. We then experimentally observe the probing bias and investigate its quantitative relationship to several deciding factors such as probing packet size, probing train length, and cross-traffic burstiness. Both our analytical and experimental results show that the probing bias vanishes as the packet-train length or packet size increases. The vanishing rate is decided by the burstiness of cross-traffic.
