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Recommending citations for academic papers
- In Proceedings of the 30th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR’07
, 2007
"... Abstract. Substantial effort is wasted in scientific circles by researchers who rediscover ideas that have already been published in the literature. This problem has been alleviated somewhat by the availability of recent academic work online. However, the kinds of text search systems in popular use ..."
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Abstract. Substantial effort is wasted in scientific circles by researchers who rediscover ideas that have already been published in the literature. This problem has been alleviated somewhat by the availability of recent academic work online. However, the kinds of text search systems in popular use today are poor at handling vocabulary mismatch, so a researcher must know the words used in relevant documents in order to find them. This makes serendipitous results unlikely. We approach the problem of literature search by considering an unpublished manuscript as a query to a search system. With this approach, the entire text content of the paper can be used in the search process. We use the text of previous literature as well as the citation graph that connects it to find relevant related material. We evaluate our technique with manual and automatic evaluation methods, and find an order of magnitude improvement in mean average precision as compared to a text similarity baseline. 1
Visual conceptualizations and models of science
- Journal of Informetrics
, 2009
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Beyond the holy grail: from citation theory to indicator theories
- Scientometrics
, 1999
"... A recurring theme in the use of science and technology indicators, as well as in the construction of new ones, is the interpretation of these indicators. Given the dependence on citation data in the majority of interesting science aild technology indicators, a general citation theory would make the ..."
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A recurring theme in the use of science and technology indicators, as well as in the construction of new ones, is the interpretation of these indicators. Given the dependence on citation data in the majority of interesting science aild technology indicators, a general citation theory would make the meaning of S&T indicators more transparent. Hence the continuing call for a citation theory in scientometrics. So far, such a theory has not yet been accepted by the experts in the field. This paper suggests an explanation for this. It also tries to sketch the outline of a general indicator theory by discussing new implications of an earlier proposal (Wouters, 1998) in relation to existing citation and indicator theories.
Search strategies along the academic lifecycle. Scientometrics
, 2012
"... Abstract Understanding how individual scientists build a personal portfolio of research is key to understanding outcomes on the level of scientific fields, institutions, and systems. We lack the scientometric and statistical instruments to examine the development over time of the involvement of rese ..."
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Abstract Understanding how individual scientists build a personal portfolio of research is key to understanding outcomes on the level of scientific fields, institutions, and systems. We lack the scientometric and statistical instruments to examine the development over time of the involvement of researchers in different problem areas. In this paper we present a scientometric method to map, measure, and compare the entire corpus of individual scientists. We use this method to analyse the search strategies of 43 condensed matter physicists along their academic lifecycle. We formulate six propositions that summarise our theoretical expectations and are empirically testable: (1) a scientist’s work consists of multiple finite research trails; (2) a scientist will work in several parallel research trails; (3) a scientist’s role in research trail selection changes along the lifecycle; (4) a scientist’s portfolio will converge before it diverges; (5) the rise and fall of research trails is asso-ciated with career changes; and (6) the rise and fall of research trails is associated with the potential for reputational gain. Four propositions are confirmed, the fifth is rejected, and the sixth could not be confirmed or rejected. In combination, the results of the four confirmed propositions reveal specific search strategies along the academic lifecycle. In the PhD phase scientists work in one problem area that is often unconnected to the later portfolio. The postdoctoral phase is where scientists diversify their portfolio and their social network, entering various problem areas and abandoning low-yielding ones. A professor has a much more stable portfolio, leading the work of PhDs and postdoctoral researchers. We present an agenda for future research and discuss theoretical and policy implications.
Should top universities be led by top researchers and are they? A citations analysis
- Journal of Documentation
, 2006
"... [Excerpt] This paper addresses the question: should the world’s top universities be led by top researchers, and are they? The lifetime citations are counted by hand of the leaders of the world’s top 100 universities identified in a global university ranking. These numbers are then normalized by adju ..."
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[Excerpt] This paper addresses the question: should the world’s top universities be led by top researchers, and are they? The lifetime citations are counted by hand of the leaders of the world’s top 100 universities identified in a global university ranking. These numbers are then normalized by adjusting for the different citation conventions across academic disciplines. Two statistical measures are used-- Pearson's correlation coefficient and Spearman's rho. This study documents a positive correlation between the lifetime citations of a University’s president and the position of that university in the global ranking. Better universities are run by better researchers. The results are not driven by outliers. That the top universities in the world-- who have the widest choice of candidates--systematically appoint top researchers as their vice chancellors and presidents seems important to understand. This paper also shows that the pattern of presidents life-time citations follows a version of Lotka’s power law. There are two main areas of contribution. First, this paper attempts to use bibliometric data to address a performance- related question of a type not seen before (to the author’s knowledge). Second, despite the importance of research to research universities-- as described in many mission-statements-- no studies
ENGAGING SCIENTOMETRICS IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS: COMBINING THE QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE
, 2010
"... The goal of this study is to stimulate a broader and deeper application of scientometric theory in information systems (IS) research, specifically to emphasize the benefits of scientometrics in the conceptual development of the IS field. The study reviews the underlying theories of scientometrics, s ..."
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The goal of this study is to stimulate a broader and deeper application of scientometric theory in information systems (IS) research, specifically to emphasize the benefits of scientometrics in the conceptual development of the IS field. The study reviews the underlying theories of scientometrics, specifically how they combine both quantitative and qualitative approaches towards research evaluation. Based on the analysis of selected scientometric studies in IS, this study finds significant room for future research in the virtually untouched landscape of scientometric theories.
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"... Should top universities be led by top researchers and are they? A citations analysis ..."
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Should top universities be led by top researchers and are they? A citations analysis
Chapter 1 MEASURING SCIENCE CAPITA SELECTA OF CURRENT MAIN ISSUES
"... Abstract: After a review of developments in the quantitative study of science, particularly since the early 1970s, I focus on two current main lines of ‘measuring science ’ based on bibliometric analysis. With the developments in the Leiden group as an example of daily practice, the measurement of r ..."
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Abstract: After a review of developments in the quantitative study of science, particularly since the early 1970s, I focus on two current main lines of ‘measuring science ’ based on bibliometric analysis. With the developments in the Leiden group as an example of daily practice, the measurement of research performance and, particularly, the importance of indicator standardization are discussed, including aspects such as interdisciplinary relations, collaboration, ‘knowledge users’. Several important problems are addressed: language bias; timeliness; comparability of different research systems; statistical issues; and the ‘theory-invariance ’ of indicators. Next, an introduction to the mapping of scientific fields is presented. Here basic concepts and issues of practical application of these ‘science maps ’ are addressed. This contribution is concluded with general observations on current and near-future developments, including network-based approaches, necessary ‘next steps ’ are formulated, and an answer is given to the question ‘Can science be measured?’
MEASURING THE KNOWLEDGE BASE: A PROGRAM OF INNOVATION STUDIES
"... Hohlfeld of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften. The authors ..."
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Hohlfeld of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften. The authors
