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Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 162 (10) C555-C562 (2015) C555 0013-4651/2015/162(10)/C555/8/$33.00 © The Electrochemical Society Synergistic Inhibition Effect of Sodium Tungstate and
"... Sodium tungstate (Na2WO4) and hexamethylene tetramine (HMTA) are both eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors. In this work, their synergistic corrosion inhibition effects on reinforcing steel in the simulated polluted concrete pore solution containing Cl − were studied by electrochemical techniques inclu ..."
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Sodium tungstate (Na2WO4) and hexamethylene tetramine (HMTA) are both eco-friendly corrosion inhibitors. In this work, their synergistic corrosion inhibition effects on reinforcing steel in the simulated polluted concrete pore solution containing Cl − were studied by electrochemical techniques including electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic anodic polarization curve measurements. The morphologies and compositions of the steel surface were characterized by Electron Micro-Probe Analyzer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy. The results showed that the serious steel corrosion took place in the solution with pH 11.00 and 0.5 M NaCl. However, a stable passive region occurred in the anodic polarization curve of the steel and its corrosion current density decreased dramatically after addition of a mixed inhibitor with 0.01 M Na2WO4 and 0.01 M HMTA to the solution. The inhibition efficiency of the mixed inhibitor reached 97.1%. The surface analyses revealed that a protective composite film was formed on the steel in the solution with the mixed inhibitor, which indicated that the mixed inhibitor had a synergistic inhibition effect on the steel corrosion. Our study also indicated that the mixed inhibitor could effectively control corrosion of the reinforcing steel in cement mortar.
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"... A phytosociological study of mangrove vegetation in Australia with a latitudinal comparison of East ..."
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A phytosociological study of mangrove vegetation in Australia with a latitudinal comparison of East
Research Opportunities
"... The perception of mangroves by people in the Pacific islands and throughout all the world has changed in the past decades. Today, the economic, social, ecologic, and esthetic values of mangroves are well recognized. Past research on these ecosystems is responsible for the change in perception. Howev ..."
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The perception of mangroves by people in the Pacific islands and throughout all the world has changed in the past decades. Today, the economic, social, ecologic, and esthetic values of mangroves are well recognized. Past research on these ecosystems is responsible for the change in perception. However, a review of eleven subjects relevant to the management of Pacific mangrove forests revealed numerous gaps in quantitative understanding of mangrove functions and values. These gaps must be filled if the gains in public perceptions of mangrove values are to be institutionalized through enlightened management. The subjects reviewed were diversity of mangrove habitats; primary productivity; nutrient cycling; food chains; birds, fisheries, and other wildlife; silviculture; response to stressors; restoration; basic biology; values; and changes in sea level. A proposal for mangrove research in the Pacific islands calls for programs with holistic focus, a hierarchical classification of mangrove habitats, a long-term perspective, sensitivity to human and cultural issues, and use of modem research tools such as geographical information systems, networking of permanent research plots, modeling, and team research. Retrieval Terms: coastal ecosystems, mangrove ecosystems, Micronesia, tropical forests Acknowledgments
PEMIMPIN REDAKSI/PENANGGUNGJAWAB: S u t a r n o SEKRETARIS REDAKSI:
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"... Pore-water chemistry in mangrove sediments: relationship with species composition and developmental stages (French Guiana) ..."
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Pore-water chemistry in mangrove sediments: relationship with species composition and developmental stages (French Guiana)
The Productivity and Nutrient
"... This chapter will look at two ecological functions of mangroves, productivity and nutrient cycling, from the perspective of the environment setting of tropical coastal environments. The main objective is to demonstrate how the geomorphological type of coastal environments can constrain the function ..."
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This chapter will look at two ecological functions of mangroves, productivity and nutrient cycling, from the perspective of the environment setting of tropical coastal environments. The main objective is to demonstrate how the geomorphological type of coastal environments can constrain the function as well as structure, of mangrove ecosystems. Together with an understanding of ecological processes of mangrove, we may be able to develop greater generality of the diverse properties of mangrove ecosystems. The influence of these external energies on the productivity and nutrient cycling will determine the role of mangroves in habitat and water quality in the coastal zone.
HOW TO USE THIS GUIDE
"... In the following sections we will introduce you to many of the rules and conventions that apply to undergraduate writing at the School of Biological Sciences. Writing in a scientific format may appear difficult at first, but it will become easier once you get used to the various rules that govern th ..."
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In the following sections we will introduce you to many of the rules and conventions that apply to undergraduate writing at the School of Biological Sciences. Writing in a scientific format may appear difficult at first, but it will become easier once you get used to the various rules that govern the style. We hope that this guide will make it a little easier for you to do it right. Note, however, that this is a guide only, and some lecturers may have preferences which differ to the advice we offer.
Microsporogenesis and Microgemetogenesis in a Cryptoviviparous
"... Owing to the special feature-vivipary-most of the embryological studies on mangroves pertain to megasporogenesis, megagametogenesis and post fertilization developments. The mircosporogenesis and microgemetogenesis aspects are largely remained unexamined for mangroves. The present work examines micro ..."
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Owing to the special feature-vivipary-most of the embryological studies on mangroves pertain to megasporogenesis, megagametogenesis and post fertilization developments. The mircosporogenesis and microgemetogenesis aspects are largely remained unexamined for mangroves. The present work examines microsporogenesis and microgemetogenesis of a cryptoviviparous mangrove species-Aegiceras corniculatum (L) Blanco- (Myrsinaceae). The present work was based on the assumption that morphological features are, in fact, manifestation of the histological developmental processes. Thus, morphologically distinct developmental stages of buds were selected and examined through microtomy technique using light microscope and they have shown distinct developmental stages of stamen and/or pollen grains. The anthers are tetrasporangiate and septate (multillocetale). The three layers of microsporangium i.e. endothecium, middle layer and tapetum are present. The endothecium develops fibrillar thickenings prior to anther dehiscence. In addition to the endothecial cells, other vegetative cells also develop fibrillar thickenings which facilitate anther dehiscence. Tannin content is very high in epidermal layer of anther lobes. Tapetum is secretary type. Meiosis is simultaneous type with tetrahedral
40 MARINE SCIENCE BULLETIN Vol.5 Vegetation of Mangroves: Spatial and Temporal Pattern of its Dominant Populations in Futian National Nature Reserve
"... Shenzhen, China are given based on surveying of 33 quadrats in 4 transects which stretch from the higher tidal zone to the lower tidal zone. The results show that there are 6 community types in this area: Kandelia candel association, Avicennia marina association, Aegiceras corniculatum association, ..."
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Shenzhen, China are given based on surveying of 33 quadrats in 4 transects which stretch from the higher tidal zone to the lower tidal zone. The results show that there are 6 community types in this area: Kandelia candel association, Avicennia marina association, Aegiceras corniculatum association, Kandelia candel + Aegiceras corniculatum association, Aegiceras corniculatum + Kandelia candel association and Acanthus ilicifolius association. Ka ndelia candel, Aegiceras corniculatum and Avicennia marina dominate the typical quadrats. Ka ndelia candel can be seen at almost all quadrats, Aegiceras corniculatum distributes mostly toward the estuary and the higher tidal zone, Avicennia marina distributes mostly toward the bay and the lower tidal zone, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza occasionally occurs toward the Estuary with one or several individuals, Acanthus ilicifolius was common toward the higher tidal zone, as an accompanying species, Derris trifoliata was common in many mature quadrats. Totally, 6 species of mangrove plants and 3 species of semi-mangrove plants appear in this research area. From the higher tidal zone to the lower tidal zone, the average diameter and basal area of mangrove trees increase gradually. According to the results, the Avicennia marina dominates in average diameter and basal area, and the Aegiceras
