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A survey of H.264 AVC/SVC encryption
- IEEE Trans. on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
, 2012
"... Abstract—Video encryption has been heavily researched in the recent years. This survey summarizes the latest research results on video encryption with a special focus on applicability and on the most widely-deployed video format H.264 including its scalable extension SVC. The survey intends to give ..."
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Cited by 11 (2 self)
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Abstract—Video encryption has been heavily researched in the recent years. This survey summarizes the latest research results on video encryption with a special focus on applicability and on the most widely-deployed video format H.264 including its scalable extension SVC. The survey intends to give researchers and practitioners an analytic and critical overview of the state-of-the-art of video encryption narrowed down to its joint application with the H.264 standard suite and associated protocols (packag-ing / streaming) and processes (transcoding / watermarking). I.
Efficient In-Network Adaptation of Encrypted H.264/SVC Content
, 2009
"... This paper addresses the efficient adaptation of encrypted scalable video content (H.264/SVC). RTP-based in-network adaptation schemes on a media aware network element (MANE) in an IPTV and VoD scenario are considered. Two basic alternatives to implement encryption and adaptation of H.264/SVC conten ..."
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Cited by 10 (5 self)
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This paper addresses the efficient adaptation of encrypted scalable video content (H.264/SVC). RTP-based in-network adaptation schemes on a media aware network element (MANE) in an IPTV and VoD scenario are considered. Two basic alternatives to implement encryption and adaptation of H.264/SVC content are investigated: (i) full, format-independent encryption making use of Secure RTP (SRTP); (ii) SVC-specific encryption that leaves the metadata relevant for adaptation (NAL unit headers) unencrypted. The SRTP-based scheme (i) is straightforward to deploy, but requires the MANE to be in the security context of the delivery, i.e., to be a trusted node. For adaptation, the content needs to be decrypted, scaled, and re-encrypted. The SVC-specific approach (ii) enables both full and selective encryption, e.g., of the base layer only. SVC-specific encryption is based on own previous work, which is substantially extended and detailed in this paper. The adaptation MANE can now be an untrusted node; adaptation becomes a low-complexity process, avoiding full decryption and re-encryption of the content. This paper presents the first experimental comparison of these two approaches and evaluates whether multimedia-specific encryption can lead to performance and application benefits. Potential security threats and security properties of the two approaches in the IPTV and VoD scenario are elementarily analyzed. In terms of runtime performance on the MANE our SVC-specific encryption scheme significantly outperforms the SRTP-based approach. SVC-specific encryption is also superior in terms of induced end-to-end delays. The performance can even be improved by selective application of the SVC-specific encryption scheme. The results indicate that efficient adaptation of SVC-encrypted content on low-end, untrusted network devices is feasible.
Secure Scalable Video Compression for GVid
"... Abstract. GVid is a Grid service that enables the secure and transparent integration and development of graphical user interface applications in the Grid. It separates the potentially computationally complex task of data creation and visualization, e.g., scientific simulations, from the comparably c ..."
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Abstract. GVid is a Grid service that enables the secure and transparent integration and development of graphical user interface applications in the Grid. It separates the potentially computationally complex task of data creation and visualization, e.g., scientific simulations, from the comparably computationally inexpensive task of transmission and display of the visual data. A Grid application produces visual data and GVid takes care of the encoding, the secure and efficient transmission and the display of the visual data. As the transmission parameters and grid node properties are highly variable, special compression schemes have to be chosen to cope with these requirements. Beneficial for such requirements is the application of scalable compression formats, such as H.264/SVC (Scalable Video Coding) and MC-EZBC (Motion-Compensated Embedded Zerotree Block Coding). As simulation data may be sensitive, e.g., in the case of medical simulations, the secure transmission and storage of the visual data has to be guaranteed. Format-specific encryption schemes offer improved functionality due to the preservation of scalability in the encrypted domain. In this work the compression performance of state-of-the-art scalable video compression systems is evaluated and format-specific encryption schemes are proposed and discussed. 1.
A Scalable Security Service Model for Reliable End-to- End Media Distribution and Reuse
"... Abstract. Due to lack of considerations on media scalability and reuse, most selective encryption schemes previously proposed might be hard to meet challenging requirements with a certain level of security which are induced from the multi-layer based video technique, for example scalable video codin ..."
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Abstract. Due to lack of considerations on media scalability and reuse, most selective encryption schemes previously proposed might be hard to meet challenging requirements with a certain level of security which are induced from the multi-layer based video technique, for example scalable video coding. As a reason of that, first we discuss security concerns on this issue and then analyze the existing selective encryption algorithms in a media scalability point of view. Secondly, we propose the dynamic load balancing strategy for re-adjusting protection strength of reconstructed media and suggest operational mode which can be more suitable for media reuse. Finally, we demonstrate scalable security mechanism’s decryption overhead compared with decoding burden in time and effect of visual distortion through our designed simulation.
1 Secure Scalable Video Compression for GVid
"... Abstract. GVid is a Grid service that enables the secure and transparent integration and develop-ment of graphical user interface applications in the Grid. It separates the potentially computation-ally complex task of data creation and visualization, e.g., scientific simulations, from the comparably ..."
Abstract
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Abstract. GVid is a Grid service that enables the secure and transparent integration and develop-ment of graphical user interface applications in the Grid. It separates the potentially computation-ally complex task of data creation and visualization, e.g., scientific simulations, from the comparably computationally inexpensive task of transmission and display of the visual data. A Grid application produces visual data and GVid takes care of the encoding, the secure and efficient transmission and the display of the visual data. As the transmission parameters and grid node properties are highly variable, special compression schemes have to be chosen to cope with these requirements. Benefi-cial for such requirements is the application of scalable compression formats, such as H.264/SVC (Scalable Video Coding) and MC-EZBC (Motion-Compensated Embedded Zerotree Block Coding). As simulation data may be sensitive, e.g., in the case of medical simulations, the secure transmis-sion and storage of the visual data has to be guaranteed. Format-specific encryption schemes offer improved functionality due to the preservation of scalability in the encrypted domain. In this work the compression performance of state-of-the-art scalable video compression systems is evaluated and format-specific encryption schemes are proposed and discussed. 1.
