Annotea: an open RDF infrastructure for shared Web annotations,” (2002)

by J Kahan, M-R Koivunen, E Prud’Hommeaux, R R Swick
Venue:Computer Networks,
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SemTag and Seeker: Bootstrapping the semantic web via automated semantic annotation

by Stephen Dill, Nadav Eiron, David Gibson, Daniel Gruhl, R. Guha, Anant Jhingran, Tapas Kanungo, Sridhar Rajagopalan, Andrew Tomkins, John A. Tomlin, Jason Y. Zien - Proceedings of the 12 th International Conference on World Wide Web (WWW’03 , 2003
"... This paper describes Seeker, a platform for large-scale text analytics, and SemTag, an application written on the platform to perform automated semantic tagging of large corpora. We apply SemTag to a collection of approximately 264 million web pages, and generate approximately 434 million automatica ..."
Abstract - Cited by 172 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper describes Seeker, a platform for large-scale text analytics, and SemTag, an application written on the platform to perform automated semantic tagging of large corpora. We apply SemTag to a collection of approximately 264 million web pages, and generate approximately 434 million automatically disambiguated semantic tags, published to the web as a label bureau providing metadata regarding the 434 million annotations. The final version of this paper will reflect new data labeling one billion pages, rather than the 264 million pages reported on herein. To our knowledge, this is the largest scale semantic tagging effort to date. We describe the Seeker platform, discuss the architecture of the SemTag application, describe a new disambiguation algorithm specialized to support ontological disambiguation of large-scale data, evaluate the algorithm, and present our final results with information about acquiring and making use of the semantic tags. We argue that automated large scale semantic tagging of ambiguous content can bootstrap and accelerate the creation of the semantic web. 1.
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S-CREAM -- Semi-automatic CREAtion of Metadata

by Siegfried Handschuh, Steffen Staab, Fabio Ciravegna , 2002
"... Richly interlinked, machine-understandable data constitute the basis for the Semantic Web. We provide a framework, S-CREAM, that allows for creation of metadata and is trainable for a specific domain. Annotating web ..."
Abstract - Cited by 147 (24 self) - Add to MetaCart
Richly interlinked, machine-understandable data constitute the basis for the Semantic Web. We provide a framework, S-CREAM, that allows for creation of metadata and is trainable for a specific domain. Annotating web

Piggy Bank: Experience the semantic web inside your Web browser

by David Huynh, Stefano Mazzocchi, David Karger , 2005
"... Abstract. The Semantic Web Initiative envisions a Web wherein information is offered free of presentation, allowing more effective exchange and mixing across web sites and across web pages. But without substantial Semantic Web content, few tools will be written to consume it; without many such tools ..."
Abstract - Cited by 142 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. The Semantic Web Initiative envisions a Web wherein information is offered free of presentation, allowing more effective exchange and mixing across web sites and across web pages. But without substantial Semantic Web content, few tools will be written to consume it; without many such tools, there is little appeal to publish Semantic Web content. To break this chicken-and-egg problem, thus enabling more flexible informa-tion access, we have created a web browser extension called Piggy Bankthat lets users make use of Semantic Web content within Web content as users browse the Web. Wherever Semantic Web content is not available, Piggy Bank can invoke screenscrapers to re-structure information within web pages into Semantic Web format. Through the use of Semantic Web technologies, Piggy Bank provides direct, immediate benefits to users in their use of the existing Web. Thus, the ex-istence of even just a few Semantic Web-enabled sites or a few scrapers already benefits users. Piggy Bank thereby offers an easy, incremental upgrade path to users without requiring a wholesale adoption of the Semantic Web’s vision. To further improve this Semantic Web experience, we have created Semantic Bank, a web server application that lets Piggy Bank users share the Semantic Web information they have collected, enabling collaborative efforts to build so-phisticated Semantic Web information repositories through simple, everyday’s use of Piggy Bank. 1
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An annotation management system for relational databases

by Deepavali Bhagwat, Laura Chiticariu, Wang-chiew Tan, Gaurav Vijayvargiya - In VLDB , 2004
"... We present an annotation management system for relational databases. In this system, every piece of data in a relation is assumed to have zero or more annotations associated with it and annotations are propagated along, from the source to the output, as data is being transformed through a query. Suc ..."
Abstract - Cited by 129 (8 self) - Add to MetaCart
We present an annotation management system for relational databases. In this system, every piece of data in a relation is assumed to have zero or more annotations associated with it and annotations are propagated along, from the source to the output, as data is being transformed through a query. Such an annotation management system is important for understanding the provenance and quality of data, especially in applications that deal with integration of scientific and biological data. We present an extension, pSQL, of a fragment of SQL that has three different types of annotation propagation schemes, each useful for different purposes. The default scheme propagates annotations according to where data is copied from. The default-all scheme propagates annotations according to where data is copied from among all equivalent formulations of a given query. The custom scheme allows a user to specify how annotations should propagate. We present a storage scheme for the annotations and describe algorithms for translating a pSQL query under each propagation scheme into one or more SQL queries that would correctly retrieve the relevant annotations according to the specified propagation scheme. For the default-all scheme, we also show how we generate finitely many queries that can simulate the annotation propagation behavior of the set of all equivalent queries, which is possibly infinite. The algorithms are implemented and the feasibility of the system is demonstrated by a set of experiments that we have conducted. 1
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CREAM -- Creating relational metadata with a component-based, ontology-driven annotation framework

by Siegfried Handschuh, Steffen Staab, Alexander Maedche , 2001
"... Richly interlinked, machine-understandable data constitutes the basis for the Semantic Web. Annotating web documents is one of the major techniques for creating metadata on the Web. However, annotation tools so far are restricted in their capabilities of providing richly interlinked and truely ma ..."
Abstract - Cited by 121 (18 self) - Add to MetaCart
Richly interlinked, machine-understandable data constitutes the basis for the Semantic Web. Annotating web documents is one of the major techniques for creating metadata on the Web. However, annotation tools so far are restricted in their capabilities of providing richly interlinked and truely machine-understandable data. They basically allow the user to annotate with plain text according to a template structure, such as Dublin Core. We here present CREAM (Creating RElational, Annotationbased Metadata), a framework for an annotation environment that allows to construct relational metadata, i.e. metadata that comprises class instances and relationship instances. These instances are not based on a fix structure, but on a domain ontology. We discuss some of the requirements one has to meet when developing such a framework, e.g. the integration of a metadata crawler, inference services, document management and information extraction, and describe its implementation, viz. Ont-O-Mat a component-based, ontology-driven annotation tool.

Spreading Activation Models for Trust Propagation

by Cai-Nicolas Ziegler, Georg Lausen - In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on e-Technology, e-Commerce, and e-Service , 2004
"... Semantic Web endeavors have mainly focused on issues pertaining to knowledge representation and ontology design. However, besides understanding information metadata stated by subjects, knowing about their credibility becomes equally crucial. Hence, trust and trust metrics, conceived as computational ..."
Abstract - Cited by 111 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Semantic Web endeavors have mainly focused on issues pertaining to knowledge representation and ontology design. However, besides understanding information metadata stated by subjects, knowing about their credibility becomes equally crucial. Hence, trust and trust metrics, conceived as computational means to evaluate trust relationships between individuals, come into play. Our major contributions to Semantic Web trust management through this paper are twofold. First, we introduce our classification scheme for trust metrics along various axes and discuss advantages and drawbacks of existing approaches for Semantic Web scenarios. Hereby, we will devise our advocacy for local group trust metrics, guiding us to the second part which presents Appleseed, our novel proposal for local group trust computation. Compelling in its simplicity, Appleseed borrows many ideas from spreading activation models in psychology and relates their concepts to trust evaluation in an intuitive fashion.
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Magpie - Towards a Semantic Web Browser

by M. Dzbor, J.B. Domingue, E. Motta, Enrico Motta - In Intl. Semantic Web Conf. (ISWC , 2003
"... Web browsing involves two tasks: finding the right web page and then making sense of its content. So far, research has focused on supporting the task of finding web resources through 'standard' information retrieval mechanisms, or semantics-enhanced search. Much less attention has been pai ..."
Abstract - Cited by 109 (32 self) - Add to MetaCart
Web browsing involves two tasks: finding the right web page and then making sense of its content. So far, research has focused on supporting the task of finding web resources through 'standard' information retrieval mechanisms, or semantics-enhanced search. Much less attention has been paid to the second problem. In this paper we describe Magpie, a tool which supports the interpretation of web pages. Magpie offers complementary knowledge sources, which a reader can call upon to quickly gain access to any background knowledge relevant to a web resource. Magpie automatically associates an ontologybased semantic layer to web resources, allowing relevant services to be invoked within a standard web browser. Hence, Magpie may be seen as a step towards a semantic web browser. The functionality of Magpie is illustrated using examples of how it has been integrated with our lab's web resources.
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Semantic annotation, indexing, and retrieval

by Atanas Kiryakov, Borislav Popov, Ivan Terziev, Dimitar Manov, Damyan Ognyanoff - Journal of Web Semantics , 2004
"... Abstract. The Semantic Web realization depends on the availability of a critical mass of metadata for the web content, associated with the respective formal knowledge about the world. We claim that the Semantic Web, at its current stage of development, is in a state of a critically need of metadata ..."
Abstract - Cited by 108 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. The Semantic Web realization depends on the availability of a critical mass of metadata for the web content, associated with the respective formal knowledge about the world. We claim that the Semantic Web, at its current stage of development, is in a state of a critically need of metadata generation and usage schemata that are specific, well-defined and easy to understand. This paper introduces our vision for a holistic architecture for semantic annotation, indexing, and retrieval of documents with regard to extensive semantic repositories. A system (called KIM), implementing this concept, is presented in brief and it is used for the purposes of evaluation and demonstration. A particular schema for semantic annotation with respect to real-world entities is proposed. The underlying philosophy is that a practical semantic annotation is impossible without some particular knowledge modelling commitments. Our understanding is that a system for such semantic annotation should be based upon a simple model of real-world entity classes, complemented with extensive instance knowledge. To ensure the efficiency, ease of sharing, and reusability of the metadata,
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Swoop: A web ontology editing browser

by Aditya Kalyanpur, Bijan Parsia, Evren Sirin, Bernardo Cuenca Grau, James Hendler - Journal of Web Semantics
"... In this paper, we describe Swoop, a hypermedia inspired Ontology Browser and Editor based on OWL, the recently standardized Web-oriented ontology language. After discussing the design rationale and architecture of Swoop, we focus mainly on its features, using illustrative examples to highlight its u ..."
Abstract - Cited by 101 (15 self) - Add to MetaCart
In this paper, we describe Swoop, a hypermedia inspired Ontology Browser and Editor based on OWL, the recently standardized Web-oriented ontology language. After discussing the design rationale and architecture of Swoop, we focus mainly on its features, using illustrative examples to highlight its use. We demonstrate that with its web-metaphor, adherence to OWL recommendations and key unique features such as Collaborative Annotation using Annotea, Swoop acts as a useful and efficient web ontology development tool. We conclude with a list of future plans for Swoop, that should further increase its overall appeal and accessibility.
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MnM: Ontology Driven Semi-Automatic and Automatic Support for Semantic Markup

by Maria Vargas-Vera, Enrico Motta, John Domingue, Mattia Lanzoni, Arthur Stutt, Fabio Ciravegna , 2002
"... An important precondition for realizing the goal of a semantic web is the ability to annotate web resources with semantic information. In order to carry out this task, users need appropriate representation languages, ontologies, and support tools. In this paper we present MnM, an annotation tool whi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 101 (12 self) - Add to MetaCart
An important precondition for realizing the goal of a semantic web is the ability to annotate web resources with semantic information. In order to carry out this task, users need appropriate representation languages, ontologies, and support tools. In this paper we present MnM, an annotation tool which provides both automated and semi-automated support for annotating web pages with semantic contents. MnM integrates a web browser with an ontology editor and provides open APIs to link to ontology servers and for integrating information extraction tools. MnM can be seen as an early example of the next generation of ontology editors, being web-based, oriented to semantic markup and providing mechanisms for large-scale automatic markup of web pages.
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