, adjectives, and adverbs are organized into sets of synonyms, each representing a lexicalized concept. Semantic relations link the synonym sets [4].

can be used to estimate parameters in models of sequence evolution and to test interesting biological hypotheses. Uses of the programs include estimation of synonymous and nonsynonymous rates (dN and dS) between two protein-coding DNA sequences, inference of positive Darwinian selection through

synonym sets and are expanded by following the typed links included in Word Net. Experimental results show this query expansion technique makes little difference in retrieval effectiveness if the original queries are relatively complete descriptions of the information being sought even when the concepts

Opinion mining (OM) is a recent subdiscipline at the crossroads of information retrieval and computational linguistics which is concerned not with the topic a document is about, but with the opinion it expresses. OM has a rich set of applications, ranging from tracking users’ opinions about

are sets of synonyms. They are linked by semantic relations like hypernymy (is-a), meronymy (part-of), troponymy (manner-of) etc. IndoWordnet is a linked structure of wordnets of major Indian languages from Indo-Aryan, Dravidian and Sino-Tibetan families. These wordnets have been created by following

Abstract. This paper describes a method developed for the Robust- Word Sense Disambiguation task at CLEF 2009. In our approach, a WordNet expanded index is generated from the disambiguated document collection. This index contains synonyms, hypernyms and holonyms of the disambiguated words contained

Representations in WordNet are not on the level of individual words or word forms, but on the level of word meanings (lexemes). A word meaning, in turn, is characterized by simply listing the word forms that can be used to express it in a synonym set (synset). As a result, the meaning a word

knowledge hidden in data, providing logical justification for drawing conclusions, showing possible inconsistencies, and avoiding unpredictable conclusions that black box predictors may generate in untypical situations. Sets of rules are useful if rules are not too numerous, comprehensible, and have

A minimum bounding box is the smallest enclosing rectangle of an object aligned to a set of axis. It is represented by 4 parameters corresponding to the (x, y) coordinates in space that define the lower left and upper right vertices of its perimeter. Its variant, the rotated minimum bounding box

We propose a new method for translation ac-quisition which uses a set of synonyms to ac-quire translations from comparable corpora. The motivation is that, given a certain query term, it is often possible for a user to specify one or more synonyms. Using the resulting set of query terms has