. The results indicate that this scaling fails to capture all the variance in the top half of the mixed layer when shallow cumulus clouds are present. A variance-budget analysis is then performed, to derive a new scaling for the variance at mixed-layer top, which differs from the standard top-down scaling by a

calculated for 39 river catchments and compared with climatological streamflow data for these rivers. Good agreement (explained variance 87%) was found between the two quantities. The E P budgets were then tracked forward from all of earth’s ocean basins and backward from the 39 major river catchments for a

revenue, cost, or profit changes need to be decom-posed into price quantity components or where standard or budgeted performance is compared with actual performance (variance analy-sis). The methodology presented in the paper is also relevant for consumer surplus analysis. I

The uncertainty in voltage measurement in a Josephson voltage standard (JVS) is proportional to the uncertainty in frequency measurement. The 10 MHz time-base from various commonly used frequency standards for JVS are analyzed using Allan variance to determine the contribution to the uncertainty

for evaluating alternative systems. All methods are illustrated with examples. First, for evaluating comparative average profitability, it reviews a) enterprise budgets, b) partial budgets, and c) break-even analysis. Second, for integrating environmental impacts into profitability analysis by using monetary

variance in the present surplus situation on EC agricultural markets. This demonstrates the limited value of deterministic analysis for actual EC budget costs planning under uncertainty. 1.

scales, are examined. The seasonal climatology of the model heat budget is broadly consistent with the observational reconstruction, thus providing certain confidence in extending the model analysis to interannual time scales. To identify the dominant heat budget components, covariance analysis

This paper addresses the problem of rate distortion analysis in the context of multi-view image coding, where images are predicted via disparity compensation based on depth map. We first present an analytical model for the variance of the residual error in a predicted frame when the prediction

analysis with predeter-mined input parameters, data population collected from site soil investigation and design load condition can be statistically estimated for the mean and variance to present the feature of data distribution and optimized with a best fitting probability function. Probabilistic approach

index, and a long term interest rate. Economic implications are assessed by computing the forecast error variance decompositions following Sims (1980). The results of the analysis suggest that money growth variability accounts for 22.82 % and 19.53 % of the variance of interest rates and stock returns