The technology underlying text search engines has advanced dramatically in the past decade. The development of a family of new index representations has led to a wide range of innovations in index storage, index construction, and query evaluation. While some of these developments have been

the features of these algorithms are that they don't need to buffer the input, they are real time algorithms (for constant size patterns), and they are suitable to be implemented in hardware. 1 Introduction String searching is a very important component of many problems, including text editing

A comparison of recently proposed parallel text search methods to alternative available search strategies that use serial processing machines suggests parallel methods do not provide large-scale gains in either retrieval effectiveness or efficiency.

Searching for a pattern in a text file is a very common operation in many applications ranging from text editors and databases to applications in molecular biology. In many instances the pat-tern does not appear in the text exactly. Errors in the text or in the query can result from misspel-ling

We present the state of the art of the main component of text retrieval systems: the search engine. We outline the main lines of research and issues involved. We survey the relevant techniques in use today for text searching and explore the gap between theoretical and practical algorithms. The main

and its statistical behavior. Although our results are valid in many dierent areas, we focus our attention on typical text searching for information retrieval applications. This makes some ranges of values for the parameters of the problem more interesting than others. We have divided this presentation

that text searching in a large database spends most of the time accessing external storage devices, we propose additional index structures and searching algorithms for pat arrays that reduce the number of disk accesses. We present two index structures: a two-level hierarchy model that uses main memory

Searching for a pattern in a text file is a very common operation in many applications ranging from text editors and databases to applications in molecular biology. In many instances the pattern does not appear in the text exactly. Errors in the text or in the query can result from misspelling

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What are biosimilars? • Similar to innovator biopharmaceutical products • Also referred to as follow on biologics or -biogenerics Oft t i b d f t d • en are pro e n ase, manu ac ure using microorganisms, plant, or animal cells • Many are produced using recombinant DNA technology 3 Biosimilars are more complex than traditional pharmaceuticals • Traditional pharmaceuticals – Have well defined chemical structures Manufactured through chemical synthesis– – Can be analyzed to determine components Bi i il • os m ars – Difficult to characterize a complex biologic – Changes in the manufacturing process can affect the finished biologic 4 – Components of a biologic can be unknown Biosimilars are not generics • Generic drugs are equivalent to the reference drug – Must contain the same active ingredients, strength, and dosage form – Must be therapeutically equivalent • Manufacturing of biosimilars is less predictable – Use of living organisms can affect the final product 5 – This can change the therapeutic activity STN provides useful and up to date information on biosimilars • Comprehensive collection of patent information – CAplusSM, DWPISM, INPADOCDB, PCTFULL, USPAT