Are community-level indicators of struc-tural disadvantage associated with individ-ual-level assessments of neighborhood problems? If so, do financial comparisons with neighbors modify that association? A tradition in urban sociology and criminology literatures addresses the assessment and con

Currently, computational linguists and cognitive scientists working in the area of discourse and dialogue argue that their subjective judgments are reliable using several different statistics, none of which are easily interpretable or comparable to each other. Meanwhile, researchers in content

Objective methods for assessing perceptual image quality have traditionally attempted to quantify the visibility of errors between a distorted image and a reference image using a variety of known properties of the human visual system. Under the assumption that human visual perception is highly

The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) was developed to assess satis-faction with the respondent’s life as a whole. The scale does not assess satisfaction with life domains such as health or finances but allows subjects to integrate and weight these domains in whatever way they choose. Normative

network of 12,067 people assessed repeatedly from 1971 to 2003 as part of the Framingham Heart Study. The body-mass index was available for all subjects. We used longitudinal statistical models to examine whether weight gain in one person was associated with weight gain in his or her friends, siblings

with before the theory can be fully applied to real-world job design problems. First, means must be developed for measuring current levels of activation of individuals in actual work settings (cf. Thayer, 1967), and for assessing the "optimal level" of activation for different individuals. Until

isolates in immunocompetent

The manufacturing sectors of less developed countries (LDCs) have traditionally been relatively protected. They have also been subject to heavy regulation, much of which is biased in favor of large enterprises. Accordingly, it is often argued that manufacturers in these countries perform poorly

The immediate availability of a vast amount of multimedia content has created a growing need for improvements in the field of content analysis and summarization. While researchers have been rapidly making contributions and improvements to the field, we must never forget that content analysis and summarization themselves are not the user’s goals. Users ’ primary interests fall into one of two categories; they normally either want to be entertained or want to be informed (or both). Summarization is therefore just another tool for improving the entertainment value or the information gathering value of the video watching experience. In this paper, we first explore the relationship between the viewer, the interface, and the summarization alborithms. Through an understanding of the user’s goals and concerns, we present means for measuring the success summarization tools. Guidelines for the successful use of summarization in consumer video devices are also discussed.

the subject of a number of studies. A major concern in those ‘event ’ studies has been to assess the extent to which security price performance around the time of the event has been abnormal-- that is, the extent to which security returns were different from those which would have been appropriate, given