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(www.interscience.wiley.com) DOI: 10.1002/qj.105 Variance scaling in shallow-cumulus-topped mixed layers

by R. A. J. Neggers, B. Stevens, J. D. Neelin
"... ABSTRACT: Scaling of thermodynamic variance in shallow-cumulus-topped mixed layers is studied using large-eddy simulation (LES). First, the performance of the top-down scaling (the turbulent flux at mixed-layer top divided by w∗) is evaluated for transient shallow-cumulus convection over land. The r ..."
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of cloud-base transition-layer depth to sub-cloud mixed-layer depth. This puts ‘valve’- or ventilation-type closures for the cloud-base mass flux in the context of the variance budget for the sub-cloud layer. Copyright 2007 Royal Meteorological

Modelling ocean temperatures and mixed-layer depths in the

by Stefan Rahmstorf
"... Abstract A vertical mixing model was applied to a location off the west coast of the South Island, New Zealand, with the aim of simulating the seasonal cycle of temperature and mixed layer depth in the region. Observed weather data for 1973-89 were used to drive the model. Model results for sea temp ..."
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Abstract A vertical mixing model was applied to a location off the west coast of the South Island, New Zealand, with the aim of simulating the seasonal cycle of temperature and mixed layer depth in the region. Observed weather data for 1973-89 were used to drive the model. Model results for sea

WEATHERING OF MIXED-LAYER CLAYS IN SOILS By

by Tsuneo Tamura
"... The occurrence of mixed-layer clays was noticed in several New England soils; a par-ticularly well developed mixed-layer sequence involving the weathering of randomly inter-stratified vermiculite and illite was intensively studied. Weathering of the interstratified system resulted in the formation o ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
The occurrence of mixed-layer clays was noticed in several New England soils; a par-ticularly well developed mixed-layer sequence involving the weathering of randomly inter-stratified vermiculite and illite was intensively studied. Weathering of the interstratified system resulted in the formation

2008: Southern Ocean mixed-layer depth from Argo float profiles

by Shenfu Dong, Janet Sprintall, Sarah T. Gille, Lynne Talley - J. Geophys. Res
"... [1] Argo float profiles of temperature, salinity, and pressure are used to derive the mixed-layer depth (MLD) in the Southern Ocean. MLD is determined from individual profiles using both potential density and potential temperature criteria, and a monthly climatology is derived from individual MLDs u ..."
Abstract - Cited by 15 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
[1] Argo float profiles of temperature, salinity, and pressure are used to derive the mixed-layer depth (MLD) in the Southern Ocean. MLD is determined from individual profiles using both potential density and potential temperature criteria, and a monthly climatology is derived from individual MLDs

Subjective Likelihood for the Assessment of Trends in the Ocean’s Mixed-Layer Depth

by Ana Grohovac Rappold, Michael Lavine, Susan Lozier - Journal of the American Statistical Association , 2007
"... This article describes a Bayesian statistical analysis of long-term changes in the depth of the ocean’s mixed layer. The data are thermal profiles recorded by ships. For these data, there is no good sampling model and thus no obvious likelihood function. Our approach is to elicit posterior distribut ..."
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This article describes a Bayesian statistical analysis of long-term changes in the depth of the ocean’s mixed layer. The data are thermal profiles recorded by ships. For these data, there is no good sampling model and thus no obvious likelihood function. Our approach is to elicit posterior

The evolution of a sub-cloud layer structure associated with a severe storm-a case study

by unknown authors
"... Using meteorological tower data from the NSSL (National Severe Storms Laboratory) in Oklahoma, evolutionary characteristics of a turbulent boundary layer are examined during the pre-storm and storm periods on May 20, 1977. Analyses include the vertical profiles of mean and turbulent quantities of wi ..."
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of wind, temperature, mixing ratio, momentum, and sensible and latent heat fluxes for the pre-storm and storm periods. The results indicate that a substantial modification occurs in the character of the lower boundary layer in each of these periods. In the pre-storm (no precipitation) the boundary layer

Mixed-layer depth determination in the Barcelona coastal area from regular lidar measurements: Methods, results and limitations, Bound.-Lay

by M Sicard , C Pérez , F Rocadenbosch , J M Baldasano , D García-Vizcaino - Meteorol , 2006
"... Abstract. Regular aerosol backscatter measurements using an elastic-backscatter lidar were performed between May 2000 and December 2002 in Barcelona (Spain), within the framework of the European project EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network). The mixed-layer depth was one of the major p ..."
Abstract - Cited by 13 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. Regular aerosol backscatter measurements using an elastic-backscatter lidar were performed between May 2000 and December 2002 in Barcelona (Spain), within the framework of the European project EARLINET (European Aerosol Research Lidar Network). The mixed-layer depth was one of the major

Biogeochemical controls and feedbacks on ocean primary production

by Paul G. Falkowski, Richard T. Barber, Victor Smetacek - Science , 1998
"... Changes in oceanic primary production, linked to changes in the network of global biogeochemical cycles, have profoundly influenced the geochemistry of Earth for over 3 billion years. In the contemporary ocean, photosynthetic carbon fixation by marine phytoplankton leads to formation of;45 gigatons ..."
Abstract - Cited by 189 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
fluxes are critically dependent on geophysi-cal processes that determine mixed-layer depth, nutrient fluxes to and within the ocean, and food-web structure. Be-cause the average turnover time of phytoplankton carbon in the ocean is on the order of a week or less, total and export

Microstructure in mixed-layer illite/smectite and its relationship to the reaction of smectite to illite

by T. E. Bell - Clays and Clay Minerals , 1986
"... Abstract--The r action of smectite to illite in shale from the COST 1 well in the south Texas Gulf Coast and from altered ash-fall tufts from the Morrison Formation in New Mexico was investigated using X-ray powder diffraction in conjunction with transmission electron microscopy. In the COST 1 well, ..."
Abstract - Cited by 9 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
, the bulk of the detrital clay was originally a K § mixed-layer illite/smectite (I/S). As the I/S adsorbed K § released by the dissolution of K-feldspar during burial, the proportion of expandable ayers decreased with depth from ~65 % near the top of the well to ~25 % at 4500 m depth. In contrast

MIXED-LAYER CLAY GEOTHERMOMETRY IN THE WAIRAKEI GEOTHERMAL FIELD, NEW ZEALAND

by Colin Charles, Harvey, Patrick R. L. Browne
"... Abstract--Mixed-layer clays of variable composition and structure occur in core samples from two drillholes (WK207 and WK210) drilled into the Te Mihi sector of the Wairakei geothermal field. These were identified by X-ray diffraction analysis of glycolated and oriented sample fractions at less than ..."
Abstract - Cited by 4 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
than 2 um and less than 0.2 ~m. Low permeability lacustrine sediments encountered by drillhole WK207 contain a well-developed sequence of mixed-layer days. The shallowest downhole appearance ofmixed-layered illite/smectite 00.6/ Sm) occurs at 146 m depth where temperature is only 100 ~ Discrete illite
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