structure is shown to resemble a power-law function. The results suggest that the structure of variance in the dry convective boundary layer is similar to that in the sub-cloud mixed layer. In transient situations, the scaling reproduces the time-development of variance at sub-cloud mixed-layer top. The new

parties, officials, and scientists; complex, redundant, and layered institutions; a mix of institu-tional types; and designs that facilitate experimentation, learning, and change. In 1968, Hardin (1) drew attention to two human factors that drive environmental change. The first factor is the increasing de

by a symmetric key at each node (like the layers of an onion) and relayed downstream. The Onion Routing project published several design and analysis papers Perfect forward secrecy: In the original Onion Routing design, a single hostile node could record traffic and later compromise successive nodes

in the updraft ensemble, which is determined by the coupling between cumulus clouds and the sub-cloud mixed layer. This is achieved by defining and resolving two specific groups of updrafts; dry mixed-layer updrafts that never reach their lifting condensation level, and moist updrafts that condense and become

of wind, temperature, mixing ratio, momentum, and sensible and latent heat fluxes for the pre-storm and storm periods. The results indicate that a substantial modification occurs in the character of the lower boundary layer in each of these periods. In the pre-storm (no precipitation) the boundary layer

gains, it misses some of the inherent features of the 802.11 MAC. For example, it prevents spatial reuse and thus may underutilize the wireless medium. It also eliminates the layering abstraction, making the protocol less amenable to extensions to alternate traffic types such as multicast. This paper

the calendar age and the 14C age to calculate the underlying calibration curve (Buck and Blackwell, this issue). The tree-ring data sets, sources of uncertainty, and regional offsets are discussed here. The marine data sets and calibration curve for marine samples from the surface mixed layer (Marine04

. The model predicts growth of the convectively mixed layer easonably well and is well-behaved incases of weak surface heat flux and transitions between stable and unstable cases. The evolution fthe modelled boundary layer is studied for different ratios of surface vaporation topotential evaporation. Typical

fluxes are critically dependent on geophysi-cal processes that determine mixed-layer depth, nutrient fluxes to and within the ocean, and food-web structure. Be-cause the average turnover time of phytoplankton carbon in the ocean is on the order of a week or less, total and export

the depth dependence was usually modeled as being dependent on the round trip attenuation. Using the new relationship one can calculate the contribution of the mixed layer to the overall reflectance at the surface. This allows one to determine whether or not to ignore the vertical structure at greater depth