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Relative Performance Evaluation Hypothesis

by Mark C. Anderson, Rajiv D. Banker, Sury Ravindran
"... In spite of strong theoretical motivation, empirical studies of executive compensation have provided only limited evidence of relative performance evaluation (RPE). Some research findings support a weak-form RPE hypothesis that executive pay is positively related to firm performance and negatively r ..."
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related to peer-group performance, but there is little support for the strong-form RPE hypothesis that performance shocks common to a firm and its peers are removed when executive performance is evaluated for compensation purposes. Whether this lack of empirical evidence is due to limited use of RPE

Motivation through the Design of Work: Test of a Theory. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance,

by ] Richard Hackman , Grec R Oldham , 1976
"... A model is proposed that specifies the conditions under which individuals will become internally motivated to perform effectively on their jobs. The model focuses on the interaction among three classes of variables: (a) the psychological states of employees that must be present for internally motiv ..."
Abstract - Cited by 622 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
among people in how responsive they are likely to be to "enriched" jobs. In the AT&T 252 HACKMAN AND OLDHAM studies based on the theory Finally, the theory in its present form does not specify how the presence or absence of motivating factors can be measured for existing jobs

Statistical methods for identifying differentially expressed genes in replicated cDNA microarray experiments

by Sandrine Dudoit, Yee Hwa Yang, Matthew J. Callow, Terence P. Speed - STATISTICA SINICA , 2002
"... DNA microarrays are a new and promising biotechnology whichallows the monitoring of expression levels in cells for thousands of genes simultaneously. The present paper describes statistical methods for the identification of differentially expressed genes in replicated cDNA microarray experiments. A ..."
Abstract - Cited by 438 (12 self) - Add to MetaCart
test for each gene of the null hypothesis of no association between the expression levels and responses or covariates of interest. Di erentially expressed genes are identified based on adjusted p-values for a multiple testing procedure which strongly controls the family-wise Type I error rate and takes

Similarity and induction

by Daniel N. Osherson, Ormond Wilkie, Edward E. Smith, Alejandro Lopez, Eldar Shafir - Review of Philosophy and Psychology , 2010
"... An argument is categorical if its premises and conclusion are of the form All members ofC have property F, where C is a natural category like FALCON or BIRD, and P remains the same across premises and conclusion. An example is Grizzly bears love onions. Therefore, all bears love onions. Such an argu ..."
Abstract - Cited by 258 (10 self) - Add to MetaCart
. Such an argument is psychologically strong to the extent that belief in its premises engenders belief in its conclusion. A subclass of categorical arguments is examined, and the following hypothesis is advanced: The strength of a categorical argument increases with (a) the degree to which the premise categories

The roots of empathy: The shared manifold hypothesis and the neural basis of intersubjectivity.

by Vittorio Gallese , Vittorio Gallese , Key Words Empathy W Intersubjectivity W Shared manifold hypothesis W Mirror neurons W Phenomenology - Psychopathology, , 2003
"... Abstract Starting from a neurobiological standpoint, I will propose that our capacity to understand others as intentional agents, far from being exclusively dependent upon mentalistic/linguistic abilities, be deeply grounded in the relational nature of our interactions with the world. According to ..."
Abstract - Cited by 144 (12 self) - Add to MetaCart
to this hypothesis, an implicit, prereflexive form of understanding of other individuals is based on the strong sense of identity binding us to them. We share with our conspecifics a multiplicity of states that include actions, sensations and emotions. A new conceptual tool able to capture the richness

The essential impact of context on organizational behaviour

by Gary Johns - Academy of Management Review , 2006
"... I argue that the impact of context on organizational behavior is not sufficiently recognized or appreciated by researchers. I define context as situational opportunities and constraints that affect the occurrence and meaning of organizational behavior as well as functional relationships between vari ..."
Abstract - Cited by 184 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
but instead discover that y causes x. Imagine doing a study in which you anticipate a strong positive relationship between two variables but instead find a strong negative relationship. Imagine conducting an investigation in which the base rate of some crucial organizational behavior varies by a ratio of 35

Self-determination and persistence in a real-life setting: Toward a motivational model of high school dropout.

by Robert J Vallerand , Michelle S Fbrtier , Frederic Guay - Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, , 1997
"... The purpose of this study was to propose and test a motivational model of high school dropout. The model posits that teachers, parents, and the school administration's behaviors toward students influence students' perceptions of competence and autonomy. The less autonomy supportive the so ..."
Abstract - Cited by 183 (19 self) - Add to MetaCart
of motivations. The various forms of motivation are posited to differ in their inherent levels of self-determination. Listed from low to high levels of self-determination, these motivations are amotivation, external regulation, introjection, identification, and intrinsic motivation. Because self

AIBO's first words. The social learning of language and meaning

by Luc Steels, Frederic Kaplan , 2001
"... This paper explores the hypothesis that language communication in its very first stage is bootstrapped in a social learning process under the strong influence of culture. A concrete framework for social learning has been developed based on the notion of a language game. Autonomous robots have been p ..."
Abstract - Cited by 145 (11 self) - Add to MetaCart
This paper explores the hypothesis that language communication in its very first stage is bootstrapped in a social learning process under the strong influence of culture. A concrete framework for social learning has been developed based on the notion of a language game. Autonomous robots have been

RPE65 Is Highly Uveitogenic in Rats

by Don-il Ham, Susan Gentleman, Chi-chao Chan, J. Hugh Mcdowell, T. Michael Redmond, Igal Gery , 2001
"... PURPOSE. To examine the hypothesis that RPE65, a protein specific to the retinal pigment epithelium, is uveitogenic in rats. METHODS. Rats of four inbred strains (Lewis, Brown Norway, Fischer, and SHR) were immunized with native or recombinant bovine RPE65, or with S-antigen (S-Ag), emulsified with ..."
Abstract - Cited by 4 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
PURPOSE. To examine the hypothesis that RPE65, a protein specific to the retinal pigment epithelium, is uveitogenic in rats. METHODS. Rats of four inbred strains (Lewis, Brown Norway, Fischer, and SHR) were immunized with native or recombinant bovine RPE65, or with S-antigen (S-Ag), emulsified

Whom You Know Matters: Venture Capital Networks and Investment Performance,

by Yael Hochberg , Alexander Ljungqvist , Yang Lu , Steve Drucker , Jan Eberly , Eric Green , Yaniv Grinstein , Josh Lerner , Laura Lindsey , Max Maksimovic , Roni Michaely , Maureen O'hara , Ludo Phalippou Mitch Petersen , Jesper Sorensen , Per Strömberg Morten Sorensen , Yael Hochberg , Johnson - Journal of Finance , 2007
"... Abstract Many financial markets are characterized by strong relationships and networks, rather than arm's-length, spot-market transactions. We examine the performance consequences of this organizational choice in the context of relationships established when VCs syndicate portfolio company inv ..."
Abstract - Cited by 138 (8 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract Many financial markets are characterized by strong relationships and networks, rather than arm's-length, spot-market transactions. We examine the performance consequences of this organizational choice in the context of relationships established when VCs syndicate portfolio company
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