This article examines the effects of specialized knowledge on the geographic concentration of occupations across US metropolitan areas. Controlling for a wide range of other attributes, empirical results reveal that occupations with a unique knowledge base exhibit higher levels of concentration

We present a framework for statistical machine translation of natural languages based on direct maximum entropy models, which contains the widely used source -channel approach as a special case. All knowledge sources are treated as feature functions, which depend on the source language

An important limitation of traditional logic programming as a knowledge representation tool, in comparison with classical logic, is that logic programming does not allow us to deal directly with incomplete information. In order to overcome this limitation, we extend the class of general logic

To support the sharing and reuse of formally represented knowledge among AI systems, it is useful to define the common vocabulary in which shared knowledge is represented. A specification of a representational vocabulary for a shared domain of discourse — definitions of classes, relations

from the particular capabilities organizations have for creating and sharing knowledge. In this article we seek to contribute to this body 01 work by developing the following arguments: (1) social capital facilitates the creation of new intellectual capital. (2) organizations. a s institutional

of specialized knowledge. In this way, teaching is an example of an illstructured discipline, requiring teachers to apply complex knowledge structures across different cases and contexts The Challenges of Teaching With Technology Teaching with technology is complicated further considering the challenges newer

Ambiguity resolution is a central problem in language comprehension. Lexical and syntactic ambiguities are standardly assumed to involve different types of knowledge representations and be resolved by different mechanisms. An alternative account is provided in which both types of ambiguity derive

sequence { 2k}, where zk E %, the reproduction alphabet. The average distorjion level is (l/n) cl = 1 E[D(X,,z&, where D(x, $ 2 0, x E I, 2 E J, is a pre-assigned distortion measure. The special assumption made here is that the decoder has access to the side information {Yk}. In this paper we determine

; and public policies affecting families and children. A second major focus is on the patterning of environmental events and transitions over the life course as these affect and are affected by intrafamilial processes. Special emphasis is given to critical research gaps in knowledge and priorities for future

in seven organizations, and results support its validity. A number of special features of the model are discussed (including its use as a basis for the diagnosis of jobs and the evaluation of job redesign projects), and the model is compared to other theories of job design. Work redesign is becoming