Abstract- Ingested corrosive substances produce different injuries, ranging from minor gastro esophageal burns to death, depending on the agent type, amount, concentration, and duration of substance exposure. The purpose of this study was to investigate the outcomes and different causes of mortality in patients ingesting caustic substances. In a prospective study, between April 1999 and January 2006, a total of 1260 patients with a history of caustic agent ingestion were admitted to Loqman-Hakim hospital emergency ward. Patients who died despite our management were included in this study. Mortality rate was stratified as early (during the primary hospitalization) and delayed (after discharge from the hospital) based on the etiologies. Sixty-two pa-tients died during follow up. Among patients who died, mean arrival time to the hospital was 12 hours from exposure, ranging from 30 minutes to 120 hours. Aspiration and airway obstruction were the leading causes of mortality accounting for 25 patients ’ death. Twenty-seven of them underwent surgical intervention, among whom 21 deaths occurred after early operations and 6 deaths after delayed reconstructive surgery. In cases of caustic ingestion, early admission and airway protection besides surgical intervention, if indicated, can reduce

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of end-to-end congestion control in the design of future protocols using best-effort traffic, we argue that router mechanisms are needed to identify and restrict the bandwidth of selected high-bandwidth best-effort flows in times of congestion. The paper discusses several general approaches

, the profusion of options causes confusion. We survey clustering algorithms for data sets appearing in statistics, computer science, and machine learning, and illustrate their applications in some benchmark data sets, the traveling salesman problem, and bioinformatics, a new field attracting intensive efforts

PVS is a prototype system for writing specifications and constructing proofs. Its development has been shaped by our experiences studying or using several other systems and performing a number of rather substantial formal verifications (e.g., [5,6,8]). PVS is fully implemented and freely available

While today’s computer networks support only best-effort service, future packet-switching integrated-services networks will have to support real-time communication services that allow clients to transport information with performance guarantees expressed in terms of delay, delay jitter, throughput

that improve accuracy. Our experience with Cricket shows that several location-dependent applications such as in-building active maps and device control can be developed with little effort or manual configuration. 1

of emotions, behavioral disengagement, mental disengagement). Study 1 reports the development of scale items. Study 2 reports correlations between the various coping scales and sev-eral theoretically relevant personality measures in an effort to provide preliminary information about the inventory

Boolean Satisfiability is probably the most studied of combinatorial optimization/search problems. Significant effort has been devoted to trying to provide practical solutions to this problem for problem instances encountered in a range of applications in Electronic Design Automation (EDA), as well

Images containing faces are essential to intelligent vision-based human computer interaction, and research efforts in face processing include face recognition, face tracking, pose estimation, and expression recognition. However, many reported methods assume that the faces in an image or an image