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High confidence visual recognition of persons by a test of statistical independence

by John G. Daugman - IEEE TRANS. ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE , 1993
"... A method for rapid visual recognition of personal identity is described, based on the failure of a statistical test of independence. The most unique phenotypic feature visible in a person’s face is the detailed texture of each eye’s iris: An estimate of its statistical complexity in a sample of the ..."
Abstract - Cited by 621 (8 self) - Add to MetaCart
-significant bits comprise a 256-byte “iris code. ” Statistical decision theory generates identification decisions from Exclusive-OR comparisons of complete iris codes at the rate of 4000 per second, including calculation of decision confidence levels. The distributions observed empirically in such comparisons

A scheduling model for reduced CPU energy

by Frances Yao, Alan Demers, Scott Shenker - ANNUAL SYMPOSIUM ON FOUNDATIONS OF COMPUTER SCIENCE , 1995
"... The energy usage of computer systems is becoming an important consideration, especially for batteryoperated systems. Various methods for reducing energy consumption have been investigated, both at the circuit level and at the operating systems level. In this paper, we propose a simple model of job s ..."
Abstract - Cited by 558 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
The energy usage of computer systems is becoming an important consideration, especially for batteryoperated systems. Various methods for reducing energy consumption have been investigated, both at the circuit level and at the operating systems level. In this paper, we propose a simple model of job

Trace Scheduling: A Technique for Global Microcode Compaction

by Joseph A. Fisher - IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTERS , 1981
"... Microcode compaction is the conversion of sequential microcode into efficient parallel (horizontal) microcode. Local com-paction techniques are those whose domain is basic blocks of code, while global methods attack code with a general flow control. Compilation of high-level microcode languages int ..."
Abstract - Cited by 683 (5 self) - Add to MetaCart
Microcode compaction is the conversion of sequential microcode into efficient parallel (horizontal) microcode. Local com-paction techniques are those whose domain is basic blocks of code, while global methods attack code with a general flow control. Compilation of high-level microcode languages

Scheduler Activations: Effective Kernel Support for the User-Level Management of Parallelism

by Thomas E. Anderson, Brian N. Bershad, Edward D. Lazowska, Henry M. Levy - ACM Transactions on Computer Systems , 1992
"... Threads are the vehicle,for concurrency in many approaches to parallel programming. Threads separate the notion of a sequential execution stream from the other aspects of traditional UNIX-like processes, such as address spaces and I/O descriptors. The objective of this separation is to make the expr ..."
Abstract - Cited by 475 (21 self) - Add to MetaCart
the expression and control of parallelism sufficiently cheap that the programmer or compiler can exploit even fine-grained parallelism with acceptable overhead. Threads can be supported either by the operating system kernel or by user-level library code in the application address space, but neither approach has

A Practical Guide to Wavelet Analysis

by Christopher Torrence, Gilbert P. Compo , 1998
"... A practical step-by-step guide to wavelet analysis is given, with examples taken from time series of the El Nio-- Southern Oscillation (ENSO). The guide includes a comparison to the windowed Fourier transform, the choice of an appropriate wavelet basis function, edge effects due to finite-length t ..."
Abstract - Cited by 869 (3 self) - Add to MetaCart
-length time series, and the relationship between wavelet scale and Fourier frequency. New statistical significance tests for wavelet power spectra are developed by deriving theoretical wavelet spectra for white and red noise processes and using these to establish significance levels and confidence

How Iris Recognition Works

by John Daugman , 2003
"... Algorithms developed by the author for recogniz-ing persons by their iris patterns have now been tested in six field and laboratory trials, producing no false matches in several million comparison tests. The recognition principle is the failure of a test of statis-tical independence on iris phase st ..."
Abstract - Cited by 509 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
with extremely high confidence. The high confidence levels are important because they al-low very large databases to be searched exhaustively (one-to-many “identification mode”) without making any false matches, despite so many chances. Biomet-rics lacking this property can only survive one-to-one (“verification

System architecture directions for networked sensors

by Jason Hill, Robert Szewczyk, Alec Woo, Seth Hollar, David Culler, Kristofer Pister - IN ARCHITECTURAL SUPPORT FOR PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES AND OPERATING SYSTEMS , 2000
"... Technological progress in integrated, low-power, CMOS communication devices and sensors makes a rich design space of networked sensors viable. They can be deeply embedded in the physical world or spread throughout our environment. The missing elements are an overall system architecture and a methodo ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1789 (58 self) - Add to MetaCart
in 178 bytes of memory, propagates events in the time it takes to copy 1.25 bytes of memory, context switches in the time it takes to copy 6 bytes of memory and supports two level scheduling. The analysis lays a groundwork for future architectural advances.

Geographic Concentration in U.S. Manufacturing Industries: A Dartboard Approach

by Glenn Ellison, Edward L. Glaeser - Journal of Political Economy
"... This paper discusses the prevalence of Silicon Valley–style localiza-tions of individual manufacturing industries in the United States. A model in which localized industry-specific spillovers, natural ad-vantages, and pure random chance all contribute to geographic concentration is used to develop a ..."
Abstract - Cited by 599 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
a test for whether observed levels of concentration are greater than would be expected to arise ran-domly and to motivate new indices of geographic concentration and of coagglomeration. The proposed indices control for differ-ences in the size distribution of plants and for differences in the size

MATRIX FACTORIZATION TECHNIQUES FOR RECOMMENDER SYSTEMS

by Yehuda Koren, Robert Bell, Chris Volinsky - IEEE COMPUTER , 2009
"... As the Netflix Prize competition has demonstrated, matrix factorization models are superior to classic nearest-neighbor techniques for producing product recommendations, allowing the incorporation of additional information such as implicit feedback, temporal effects, and confidence levels. Modern co ..."
Abstract - Cited by 593 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
As the Netflix Prize competition has demonstrated, matrix factorization models are superior to classic nearest-neighbor techniques for producing product recommendations, allowing the incorporation of additional information such as implicit feedback, temporal effects, and confidence levels. Modern

Pin: building customized program analysis tools with dynamic instrumentation

by Chi-keung Luk, Robert Cohn, Robert Muth, Harish Patil, Artur Klauser, Geoff Lowney, Steven Wallace, Vijay Janapa Reddi, Kim Hazelwood - IN PLDI ’05: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2005 ACM SIGPLAN CONFERENCE ON PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION , 2005
"... Robust and powerful software instrumentation tools are essential for program analysis tasks such as profiling, performance evaluation, and bug detection. To meet this need, we have developed a new instrumentation system called Pin. Our goals are to provide easy-to-use, portable, transparent, and eff ..."
Abstract - Cited by 991 (35 self) - Add to MetaCart
, and efficient instrumentation. Instrumentation tools (called Pintools) are written in C/C++ using Pin’s rich API. Pin follows the model of ATOM, allowing the tool writer to analyze an application at the instruction level without the need for detailed knowledge of the underlying instruction set. The API
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