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Johannessen: Soft Shore Protection as an Alternative to Bulkheads Soft Shore Protection as an Alternative to Bulkheads— Projects And Monitoring

by Jim W. Johannessen
"... Traditional “hard ” bulkheading has been the norm at Puget Sound and Northwest Straits shores until very recently, when “soft shore protection ” alternatives have been encouraged by regulators and well-informed citizens. Soft shore protection locally entails the use of indigenous materials such as g ..."
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beach on Blakely Island in San Juan County was restored in early 1998 and the backshore area was extensively replanted. An 850 ft long enhanced beach that included a wide gravel berm and a replenished sandy backshore was constructed at a severely degraded Samish Island beach in 1997. Monitoring results

Organic carbon in forested sandy soils: Properties, processes, and the impact of forest management

by J. C. Carlyle , 1993
"... Data from a series of experiments illustrated the importance of organic carbon in influencing a range of key determinants of plantation productivity on podsolised sands, which lack a significant inorganic colloidal phase. Organic carbon levels affected soil nitrogen reserves, nitrogen dynamics, phos ..."
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carbon). This pool can be buffered by residue retention and weeds in the period before significant litter inputs from the new crop, but in any case will be replenished once these inputs are resumed. As such, the impact of management on this pool is likely to be transient. Long-term reductions in soil

Regime Shift in Sandy Beach Microbial Communities following Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Remediation Efforts

by Annette Summers Engel, Axita A. Gupta
"... Sandy beaches support a wide variety of underappreciated biodiversity that is critical to coastal ecosystems. Prior to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the diversity and function of supratidal beach sediment microbial communities along Gulf of Mexico coastlines were not well understood. As such ..."
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Sandy beaches support a wide variety of underappreciated biodiversity that is critical to coastal ecosystems. Prior to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the diversity and function of supratidal beach sediment microbial communities along Gulf of Mexico coastlines were not well understood

I Quaternary Sea-level History and Variation in Dynamics along the Central Brazilian Coast: Consequences on Coastal Plain Construction

by José Ill L. Dominguez, Abílio C. S. P. Bittencourt, Caixa Postal, Sbo Paulo
"... The central part of the Brazilian coast experienced considerable relative sea-level fluctuations during the Quaternary. It has been possible to identify three high marine levels. The last two, during which the sea-level was at a maximum S k 2m (123,000 yr BP) and 4,s * 0.5117 (5,100 yr BP) above the ..."
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. The equilibrium profile of a sandy coast will be destroyed with sea-level changes and its restoration will be accompanied by transfer of sands, from backshore and adjacent land areas to foreshore during sea-level rise and from foreshore to backshore

SAND DYNAMICS ALONG THE BELGIAN COAST BASED ON AIRBORNE HYPERSPECTRAL DATA AND LIDAR DATA

by Bart Deronde, Rik Houthuys, Sindy Sterckx, Walter Debruyn, Dirk Fransaer
"... The goal of this project was to explore the possibilities of airborne hyperspectral data and airborne lidar data to study sand dynamics on the Belgian backshore and foreshore. The Belgian coast is formed by a sandy strip at the southern edge of the North Sea Basin which is commonly known as the Sout ..."
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The goal of this project was to explore the possibilities of airborne hyperspectral data and airborne lidar data to study sand dynamics on the Belgian backshore and foreshore. The Belgian coast is formed by a sandy strip at the southern edge of the North Sea Basin which is commonly known

Seasonal variations in the diversityandabundanceofdiazotrophic communities across soils

by Michele C. Pereira E Silva, Er V. Semenov, Jan Dirk Van Elsas, Joana Falcão Salles, Correspondence Joana , 2011
"... nifH; soil; diversity; abundance; baseline; soil type. The nitrogen (N)-fixing community is a key functional community in soil, as it replenishes the pool of biologically available N that is lost to the atmosphere via anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification. We characterized the struc-ture ..."
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nifH; soil; diversity; abundance; baseline; soil type. The nitrogen (N)-fixing community is a key functional community in soil, as it replenishes the pool of biologically available N that is lost to the atmosphere via anaerobic ammonium oxidation and denitrification. We characterized the struc

Beach Sand Supply and Transport at Kunduchi in Tanzania and Bamburi in Kenya

by Y. W. Shaghude, J. W. Mburu, J. Uku, J. Ochiewo, N. Ny, H. Ong, C. Magori, I. Sanga, R. S. Arthurton, Corresponding Yohanna, W Shaghude
"... change Abstract—Beach-head erosion of sandy beach plains in eastern Africa threatens tourism-related infrastructure and the livelihoods of beach users. The nature and drivers of physical shoreline change at Kunduchi, Dar es Salaam, and Bamburi, Mombasa, are described with analyses of beach sand tran ..."
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change Abstract—Beach-head erosion of sandy beach plains in eastern Africa threatens tourism-related infrastructure and the livelihoods of beach users. The nature and drivers of physical shoreline change at Kunduchi, Dar es Salaam, and Bamburi, Mombasa, are described with analyses of beach sand

Impacts of the 2004 tsunami on groundwater resources in Sri Lanka, Water Resour

by Tissa Illangasekare , Scott W Tyler , T Prabhakar Clement , Karen G Villholth , A P G R L Perera , Jayantha Obeysekera , Ananda Gunatilaka , C R Panabokke , David W Hyndman , Kevin J Cunningham , Jagath J Kaluarachchi , William W , -G Yeh , Martinus T Van Genuchten , Karsten Jensen - W05201, doi:10.1029/2006WR004876 IPCC (2002), Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Workshop on changes in , 2006
"... [1] The 26 December 2004 tsunami caused widespread destruction and contamination of coastal aquifers across southern Asia. Seawater filled domestic open dug wells and also entered the aquifers via direct infiltration during the first flooding waves and later as ponded seawater infiltrated through t ..."
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and free convection. Widespread pumping of wells to remove seawater was effective in some areas, but overpumping has led to upconing of the saltwater interface and rising salinity. We estimate that groundwater recharge from several monsoon seasons will reduce salinity of many sandy Sri Lankan coastal

Origin of a fresh groundwater body in Cholistan, Thar Desert, Pakistan

by M. A. Geyh, D. Ploethner
"... Abstract: The Thar Desert of Pakistan stretches along the border to India and is one of the most densely populated deserts in the world. Brackish to saline groundwater prevails. A locally restricted fresh groundwater resource was discovered by a comprehensive hydrogeological, geo-physical, and isoto ..."
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was indirectly recharged during flash floods in low lands during the last pluvial period rather than directly replen-ished in the high mountain areas far in the east. Cholistan, in the northern part of the Thar Desert in Pakistan, is a vast sandy area of about 26 000 km2. A fresh groundwater resource

PERSPECT IVES:

by Whit Ings, A Sedimentologic, D Ilemma, Eugene A. Shinn, Randolph P. Steinen, T Barbara H. Lidz, Peter K. Swart
"... ABSTRACT: Whitings. drifting clouds of water, milky because ofsuspended carbonate, have been claimed to originate from either the action of bottom-feeding fish or direct precipitation f calcium carbonate. Five cruises during different seasons were made to the Great Bahama Bank to collect data pertin ..."
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dissipation ofthe whitings within six hours, we conclude that the natural whitings are continually replenished bydirect precipitation. The search for fish in whitings utilized sidescan sonar and fathometer imaging, shrimp trawls, rotenone, remote video, and direct scuba observation. These methods and 25 years
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