"... In PAGE 3: ... It is end- to-end latency, not bandwidth, that is the greater challenge in this context. Table1 shows recent round-trip time (RTT) values for a representative sample of Internet2 sites [5]. The theoretical minimum RTT values imposed by speed-of-light propagation, shown in... In PAGE 12: ...erver, which is a four-way SMP (two dual-threaded cores) 3.6 GHz Intel Xeon. The desktop and server communicate through a NetEm-emulated WAN link with a bandwidth of 100 Mbit/s and RTTs of 33, 66, and 100 ms. These RTTs are conservative underestimates of the values observed between US and Europe, as shown in Table1 . We use a paravirtualized 2.... ..."

"... In PAGE 12: ... For example, we have measured network delays on the North Carolina State University ( NCSU) campus intranet, in the NC Research Triangle (about 40 miles per side) wide-area net, and over the Internet stretch between NCSU and University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign ( UIUC) [Kau95, Dix98]. Table1 illustrates the 1995 results. More recent results [Dix98] are not any better 3 .... ..."

"... In PAGE 2: ...Introduction The importance of expanding the access of developing countries to the Internet has been recognised by governments and international agencies with increasing consensus that the Internet and related telecommunications technology should be regarded as strategic national infrastructure ( Kenney, 1995; Mansell amp; Wehn, 1998). This has led to significant rates of increase in the regional distribution of Internet host connections over the last few years as reflected in the figures of regional Internet hosts in January 1998 shown in Table1 . The establishment of such strategic infrastructure is considered critical for developing countries where the marginal impact of improved network communications can be very high, leading to improved economic productivity, governance, and education, health and quality of life, particularly in rural areas (Adam, 1996; Press, 1996).... In PAGE 2: ... More recently, Harris (1998) computed rates of Internet density by taking into account the size of the population in each region. His figures, shown in Table1 , reveal that North America has 168 times the number of hosts than Africa, but that Africa has 396 times the number of people per host than North America. Even when Internet access is available, Mansell (1998) argues that the value of a technology that permits communications with a distant correspond across the world is of limited use to someone grappling with the day to day problems of poverty and hunger.... ..."

"... In PAGE 13: ... This implies that changes in operating income are Granger caused by capital expenditure as well as changes in capital expenditure being Granger caused by operating income. Table2 : Standardized Estimate of the Cointegration Vector Based on the Johansen Procedure Firm Ticker Symbol With Cointegrating Restrictions On Time Trend Parameter Without Cointegrating Restriction On Time Trend Parameter OIBD GCE T OIBD GCE IP* -0.00021 -0.... In PAGE 89: ...Allied Academies International Conference Las Vegas, 2005 Proceedings of the Academy of Accounting and Financial Studies, Volume 10, Number 2 Based on Table2 , it appears films that win Academy Awards do well at the box office and have higher ratios of box office receipts to budgets. To further analyze this relationship between profitability and success as determined by Academy Award wins, data is analyzed on the four most recent Oscar Best Picture winners compared to their opponents for the award.... ..."

"... In PAGE 14: ...7 6.80 22 Table7 sheds light on the importance of being a veteran versus a newcomer online. Those who only recently started using the Internet - in the past three years - exhibit considerably lower online skills than those who have been online for longer.... ..."

"... In PAGE 11: ... We therefore focus the remaining sections of our survey on chips from these four companies. Table2 lists characteristics of some recent applications of smart-cards copro- cessors. Table 3 compares the speeds of various smart-card chips, listing their pro- cessing times for signature, verification, and key generation.... ..."