the necessary conditions for psycholog-ical growth, integrity, and well-being. This concept of needs leads to the hypotheses that different regulatory processes underlying goal pursuits are differentially associated with effective functioning and well-being and also that different goal contents have different

exposed to polit-ical violence are highly vulnerable to psychological trauma. This article challenges this claim. The article examines a number of methodological weaknesses in the existing literature and associated practices, including: problems of measurement; an inadequate conception of the aetiology

is manifested to be important fragment of the design. Both growth need strength as a moderator and crit-ical psychological states as an inevitable stage of the model are in general confirmed. A theoretical contribution of this paper and suggestions for future research are discussed.

This article explores a German philosophy of metaphor, which pro-posed a close link between the body and the mind as the basis for metaphor, debunked the view that metaphor is just a decorative rhetor-ical device and questioned the distinction between the literal and the figurative. This philosophy

and other types of capability dis-tributions, uncertainty, aberrant personalities, merchants of death, military-industrialist complexes, capitalism, imperialism, domestic strife, public moods, arms races, types of political systems, status dis-crepancy, population growth, technological change, cultural/ideolog-ical

-gests that interest in incorporating mindfulness into clin-ical interventions in medicine and psychology is growing. It is thus important that professionals coming to this field understand some of the unique factors associated with the delivery of mindfulness-based interventions and the potential conceptual

on the level of personal discovery and growth. Some clients also welcomed oppor-tunities to share their work publicly, as a means of raising awareness of the experience of survivors. Key words: Torture survivors, therapeutic photog-raphy, group therapy, creative arts therapy, phys-ical & psychological

be widening. New patterns of substance abuse being seen in the United States may in part be explained by the increasing compe-tition to survive financially and interpersonally, the need that those failing to adapt to rapid technolog-ical change have to escape psychologically and ex-istentially, and the desire

This report focuses on the evidence about the health.consequences of smoking for women, and is intended to serve.the public health and medical communities as 'a unified source of existing scientific research. The major issues about tobacco use and women's health are examined, including trends in consumption, biomedical evidence, and determinants of smoking ititiation, maintenance, and cessation. The biomedical aspects ofsmoking are presented in terms of mortality, morbiplity, cardiovasculaidiseases, cancer, pregnancy and infant,health,, Teptic ulcer disease, drug reactions and, interactions, food constituents, and responses to,diagnostic tests. The psychosocial and behavioraj. aspects, of smoking in women are discussed, along with the docffiented increases in- the risk of contracting lung cancer, heart,disease, or lung disease. The harmful effects of pregnant mothers smoking behaviors, are also docudented. Adhitionally, recent data are enumerated to indicate a trend of,decreasing tobacco usage among women in response to the warnings of the gavernMent, voluntary agencie, and physicrins. (Author /NRB)' DOCUMENT RESUME cc 015 465

eingereicht an der