a cop but he isn’t a bastard’: an enunciative approach to some

Chinese lexicon

applications of the theory, and extract a unitary principle specifying how the focus semantic value interacts with semantic and pragmatic processes. A strong version of the theory has the effect of making lexical or construction-specific stipulation of a focus-related effect in association with focus

I present and discuss results of the experiment in which I investigate processing of so-called superlative quantifiers, such as at most n and at least n (where n represents a bare numeral), as well as their (presumably) logically equivalent though linguistically different forms, i.e. the disjunctive and the comparative form. Generalized Quantifier Theory (GQT) defines those superlative quantifiers as equivalent to comparative quantifiers, i.e. fewer than n+1 and more than n-1 respectively. However, numerous differences have been observed between these presumably equivalent forms involving their linguistic use, as well as the inference patterns in which they occur, and their processing (Geurts, 2006), (Koster-Moeller et al., 2008), (Geurts et al., 2010), (Cummins and Katsos, 2010). For instance it has been shown that the logically valid (according to GQT) inference in which from at most n A are B it is implied that at most n+1 A are B is, in general, not accepted by speakers (Geurts et al., 2010), (Cummins and Katsos, 2010). There is ample data concerning differences between processing of superlative and comparative quantifiers. For instance verification of sentences with superlative quantifiers requires supposedly more time than verification of sentences with respective comparative quantifiers (Koster-Moeller et al., 2008), (Geurts et al., 2010). Moreover, the processing of quantifiers is

(1859-1952) and George Herbert Mead (1863-1931). Pragmatism was defined in 1878 by Peirce as follows: “Consider what effects that might conceivably have practical bearings, we conceive the object of our conception to have. Then, our conception of these effects is the whole of our conception

referent either consistently or inconsistently with a previous description. We also manipulated cognitive load. Results showed that the effect of common ground and history of usage on comprehension are independent. A processing account for pragmatic effects on language comprehension is suggested.

In order to investigate whether addressees can make immediate use of speaker-based constraints during reference resolution, participant addressees ’ eye movements were monitored as they helped a confederate cook follow a recipe. Objects were located in the helper’s area, which the cook could not reach, and the cook’s area, which both could reach. Critical referring expressions matched one object (helper’s area) or two objects (helper’s and cook’s areas), and were produced when the cook’s hands were empty or full, which defined the cook’s reaching ability constraints. Helper’s first and total fixations showed that they restricted their domain of interpretation to their own objects when the cook’s hands were empty, and widened it to include the cook’s objects only when the cook’s hands were full. These results demonstrate that addressees can quickly take into account task-relevant constraints to restrict their referential domain to referents that are plausible given the speaker’s goals and constraints.

Increased access to computer-based tools has made only too clear the deficiencies in our ability to produce effective user interfaces (Baecker, 1980a). Many of our current problems are rooted in our lack of sufficiently powerful theories and methodologies. User interface design remains more of a

This conceptual framework for understanding the career development process defines career development as a continuous process of matching individual characteristics with organizational role requirements. Responsibility for achieving effective matching rests both with individuals

the meanings of utterances. The question of how this can be achieved in an effective and principled way forms one of the major obstacles in building such systems. Computational pragmatics, the study of how contextual information can be effectively brought to bear in language understanding and production