Recent advances in causal inference have given rise to a general and easy-to-use estimator for assessing the extent to which the effect of one variable on another is mediated by a third. This estimator, called Mediation Formula, is applicable to nonlinear models with both discrete and continuous variables, and permits the evaluation of path-specific effects with minimal assumptions regarding the data-generating process. We demonstrate the use of the Mediation Formula in simple examples and illustrate why parametric methods of analysis yield distorted results, even when parameters are known precisely. We stress the importance of distinguishing between the necessary and sufficient interpretations of “mediated-effect” and show how to estimate the two components in nonlinear systems with continuous and categorical variables.

With more than 86,000 constituents in more than 160 countries, ISACA (www.isaca.org) is a leading global provider of knowledge, certifications, community, advocacy and education on information systems assurance and security, enterprise governance of IT, and IT-related risk and compliance. Founded in 1969, ISACA sponsors international conferences, publishes the ISACA ® Journal, and develops international information systems auditing and control standards. It also administers the globally respected Certified

In this paper we present a practitioners guide on how to apply a new inspection framework that evaluates search interfaces for their support of different searcher types. Vast amounts of money are being invested into search, and so it is becoming increasingly important to identify problems in design

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This Practitioners ’ Guide, prepared by the OECD on the basis of a survey in the Palestinian Authority, provides guidance to Palestinian policy makers and public officials facing choices about the most appropriate form of consultation: when and how to consult, who to involve and how to overcome

III. What is ADR? 4

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This report was prepared under an award 99-07-13801 from the Economic Development Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of New Growth Theory emphasizes that economic growth results from the increasing returns associated with new knowledge. Knowledge has different properties than other economic goods (being non-rival, and partly excludable). The ability to grow the economy by increasing knowledge rather than labor or capital creates opportunities for nearly boundless growth. Markets fail to produce enough knowledge because innovators cannot capture all of the gains associated with creating new knowledge. And because knowledge can be infinitely reused at zero marginal cost, firms who use knowledge in production can earn quasi-monopoly profits. All forms of knowledge, from big science to better ways to sew a shirt exhibit these properties and contribute to growth. Economies with widespread increasing returns are unlikely to develop along a unique equilibrium path. Development may be a process of creative destruction, with a succession of monopolistically competitive technologies and firms. Markets alone may not converge on a single most efficient solution, and technological and regional development will

Suicide consistently ranks as the one of the most important causes of death in youth (ten to 24 years of age) – in fact there are more youth suicides in Canada (approximately 570 per year) than there are deaths from all heart disease, kidney disease, liver disease, and cancer (Statistics Canada, 2009). Suicide should be one of the more prominent concerns of every clinician working with youth, and yet suicide risk as-sessment is poorly standardized, researched, and taught. A recent survey revealed that psychiatry residents, on aver-age, receive only three to four lectures during their train-ing on suicide risk assessment, and found the amount of training to be insufficient (Melton & Coverdale, 2009). The situation is even worse for non-psychiatrist clinicians; for example, less than 25 % of social workers receive training in suicide risk assessment (Feldman & Freedenthal, 2006).

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