are applied in case studies from the design of ontologies for engineering mathematics and bibliographic data. Selected design decisions are discussed, and alternative representation choices and evaluated against the design criteria.

by studying spatial relations and their inferences in a concrete spatial scenario, a room space that contains such manipulable objects as a box, a ball, a table, a sheet of paper, and a pen. We derive from the observed spatial properties an algebra related to the fundamental spatial concepts of containers

and maintaining the ontology when introducing knowledge management systems. In order to elucidate our approach, we describe a case study about the building of CHAR, the Corporate History AnalyzeR.

Abstract: Being framed as certain skills or abilities, “creativity ” as an academic hot topic in recent decades has gained remarkably significance in the area of personal development. However, from a creative product to a creative person a logical linkage has to be developed. This paper aims to establish this logical linkage by exploring philosophically the creative self whose product is the creator’s self and his own life, and redefine creativity as subjective attitudes rather than objective skills. The enquiry begins with the question about the existence of the “self”, followed by investigation on the origin and form of its existence and how it is associated with the notion of creativity. Methodologically, the paper adopts a comparative approach, reexamining the philosophical theories from Buddhism, Existentialism (of Camus, Sartre and Heidegger) and round up by Confucianism and Taoism. In answering the question whether our “self ” is created by our own, the paper concludes with the fundamental quality of creative life which is predicated on belief and attitude.

for adding domain-specific ontology in a hierarchical manner. Based on this context ontology, we have studied the use of logic reasoning to check the consistency of context information, and to reason over low-level, explicit context to derive high-level, implicit context. By giving a performance study

traits were markedly enriched in Gene Ontology descriptors for response to unfolded protein (chaperonins and heat shock proteins), regulation of progression through the cell cycle, RNA processing, DNA repair, immune responses and apoptosis. SNPs that regulate expression of these genes are candidates

if it is internally related to a social relation. In turn, this helps to clarify and systematize how social rules relate to social positions and identities. The purpose of this ontological study is three-fold. Firstly, it attempts to articulate a realist conception of rules that avoids their dilution (as in the works

In this paper, we propose a set of tasks that are relevant for the modular reuse of ontologies. In order to formalize these tasks as reasoning problems, we introduce the notions of conservative extension, safety and module for a very general class of logic-based ontology languages. We investigate

in the literature to address the problem of Web data extraction use techniques borrowed from areas such as natural language processing, languages and grammars, machine learning, information retrieval, databases, and ontologies. As a consequence, they present very distinct features and capabilities which make a

this article, we explore the use of background knowledge contained in ontologies to index and search collections of photographs. We developed an annotation strategy and tool to help formulate annotations and search for specific images. We also compare our approach's performance with two