Results 1 - 10 of 1,076

The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme.

by S J Gould , R C Lewontin - Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences , 1979
"... An adaptationist programme has dominated evolutionary thought in England and the United States during the past 40 years. It is based on faith in the power of natural selection as an optimizing agent. It proceeds by breaking an organism into unitary 'traits' and proposing an adaptive story ..."
Abstract - Cited by 538 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
(allometry, pleiotropy, material compensation, mechanically forced correlation), the separability of adaptation and selection, multiple adaptive peaks, and current utility as an epiphenomenon of non-adaptive structures. We support Darwin's own pluralistic approach to identifying the agents

Non-adaptive evolution of genome complexity

by Soojin V. Yi - BioEssays 2006
"... Genome complexity is correlated with biological com-plexity. A recent paper by Michael Lynch proposes that evolution of complex genomic architecture was driven primarily by non-adaptive stochastic forces, rather than by adaptive evolution.(1) A general negative relationship between selection efficie ..."
Abstract - Cited by 3 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
Genome complexity is correlated with biological com-plexity. A recent paper by Michael Lynch proposes that evolution of complex genomic architecture was driven primarily by non-adaptive stochastic forces, rather than by adaptive evolution.(1) A general negative relationship between selection

Multipath Beamforming UWB Signal Design Based on Ternary Sequences

by Di Wu, Predrag Spasojević, Ivan Seskar
"... We study an adaptive transmission approach that exploits the increased phase coherence of ultra-wideband (UWB) channels with a “discrete ” number of reflectors relative to narrowband wireless channels. The proposed multipath beamforming technique suggests selecting a ternary or multilevel sequence f ..."
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for an impulsive direct sequence UWB signal waveform based on the signs of the reflection coefficients corresponding to a few strongest paths so that the signal energy at the output of a non-adaptive correlator is enhanced. The approach to beamforming signal design is illustrated by several example designs. 1

Attribute efficient and non-adaptive learning of parities and DNF expressions

by Vitaly Feldman - Journal of Machine Learning Research
"... We consider the problems of attribute-efficient PAC learning of two well-studied concept classes: parity functions and DNF expressions over {0, 1}n. We show that attribute-efficient learning of parities with respect to the uniform distribution is equivalent to decoding high-rate random linear codes ..."
Abstract - Cited by 8 (6 self) - Add to MetaCart
of Levin’s algorithm for locat-ing a weakly-correlated parity due to Bshouty et al., we give the first non-adaptive and attribute-efficient algorithm for learning DNF with respect to the uniform distribution. Our algorithm runs in time Õ(ns4/) and uses Õ(s4/) non-adaptive MQs where s is the number

Attribute-Efficient and Non-adaptive Learning of Parities and DNF Expressions

by Vitaly Feldman , 2006
"... We consider the problems of attribute-efficient PAC learning of two well-studied concept classes: parity functions and DNF expressions over {0, 1}n. We show that attribute-efficient learning of parities with respect to the uniform distribution is equivalent to decoding high-rate random linear codes ..."
Abstract - Cited by 3 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
the algorithm asks MQs do not depend on the target concept. Using a simple non-adaptive parity learning algorithm and a modification of Levin’s algorithm for locating a weakly-correlated parity due to Bshouty et al. (1999), we give the first non-adaptive and attribute-efficient algorithm for learning DNF

A non-adapted sparse approximation of PDEs with stochastic inputs 1

by Alireza Doostan A, Houman Owhadi B
"... We propose a method for the approximation of solutions of PDEs with stochas-tic coefficients based on the direct, i.e., non-adapted, sampling of solutions. This sampling can be done by using any legacy code for the deterministic problem as a black box. The method converges in probability (with proba ..."
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We propose a method for the approximation of solutions of PDEs with stochas-tic coefficients based on the direct, i.e., non-adapted, sampling of solutions. This sampling can be done by using any legacy code for the deterministic problem as a black box. The method converges in probability (with

Image compression via joint statistical characterization in the wavelet domain

by Robert W. Buccigrossi, Eero P. Simoncelli , 1997
"... We develop a statistical characterization of natural images in the wavelet transform domain. This characterization describes the joint statistics between pairs of subband coefficients at adjacent spatial locations, orientations, and scales. We observe that the raw coefficients are nearly decorrelate ..."
Abstract - Cited by 238 (24 self) - Add to MetaCart
demonstrate the power of this model, we construct an image coder called EPWIC (Embedded Predictive Wavelet Image Coder), in which subband coefficients are encoded one bitplane at a time using a non-adaptive arithmetic encoder that utilizes probabilities calculated from the model. Bitplanes are ordered using a

On the Adaptation of Arbitrary Normal Mutation Distributions in Evolution Strategies: The Generating Set Adaptation

by Nikolaus Hansen , Andreas Ostermeier, Andreas Gawelczyk , 1995
"... A new adaptation scheme for adapting arbitrary normal mutation distributions in evolution strategies is introduced. It can adapt correct scaling and correlations between object parameters. Furthermore, it is independent of any rotation of the objective function and reliably adapts mutation dis ..."
Abstract - Cited by 227 (31 self) - Add to MetaCart
A new adaptation scheme for adapting arbitrary normal mutation distributions in evolution strategies is introduced. It can adapt correct scaling and correlations between object parameters. Furthermore, it is independent of any rotation of the objective function and reliably adapts mutation

Behavioral syndromes: an ecological and evolutionary overview

by Andrew Sih, Alison Bell, J. Chadwick Johnson - Trends Ecol. Evol , 2004
"... Recent studies suggest that populations and species often exhibit behavioral syndromes; that is, suites of correlated behaviors across situations. An example is an aggression syndrome where some individuals are more aggressive, whereas others are less aggressive across a range of situations and cont ..."
Abstract - Cited by 191 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
that appear strikingly non-adaptive in an isolated context (e.g. inappropriately high activity when predators are present, or excessive sexual cannibalism). Behavioral syndromes can also help to explain the

Non-adaptive reaction to disease – coping, demographic variables and trauma symptoms in cancer patients

by Agnieszka Laskowska, Agnieszka Laskowska
"... Aim. The aim of the presented study was to determine the relations of styles and strate-gies of coping with stress and demographic variables with the intensity of PTSD symptoms in persons diagnosed with cancer. The study tried to determine which style of coping with stress is the best predictor of p ..."
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of the study indicate non-adaptive function of destructive style. In the situation of being subjected to a traumatic event this style is propitious to the development of the symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. The individual strategies of coping, sex and age are correlated with higher intensity
Results 1 - 10 of 1,076