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the initiating stimulus and secondary adaptations

by Priscilla A. Furth
"... Cancer prevention as biomodulation: targeting ..."
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Cancer prevention as biomodulation: targeting

Early Redistribution of Plasma Membrane Phosphatidylserine Is a General Feature of Apoptosis Regardless of the Initiating Stimulus: Inhibition by

by Overexpression Of Bcl, J. Martin, Chris E M. Reutelingsperger, Anne J. Mcgahon, James A. Rader
"... A critical event during programmed cell death (PCD) appears to be the acquisition of plasma membrane (PM) changes that allows phagocytes to recognize and engulf these cells before they rupture. The majority of PCD seen in higher organisms exhibits strikingly similar morphological features, and this ..."
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to the inner PM leaflet, during apoptosis. Here we show that PS externalization is an early and widespread event during apoptosis of a variety of murine and human cell types, regardless of the initiating stimulus, and precedes several other events normally associated with this mode of cell death. We also

The motor theory of speech perception revised

by Alvin M. Liberman, Ignatius G. Mattingly - Cognition , 1985
"... A motor theory of speech perception, initially proposed to account for results of early experiments with synthetic speech, is now extensively revised to accommodate recent findings, and to relate the assumptions of the theory to those that might be made about other perceptual modes. According to the ..."
Abstract - Cited by 372 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
A motor theory of speech perception, initially proposed to account for results of early experiments with synthetic speech, is now extensively revised to accommodate recent findings, and to relate the assumptions of the theory to those that might be made about other perceptual modes. According

Developments in the Measurement of Subjective Well-Being

by Daniel Kahneman , Alan B Krueger - Psychological Science. , 1993
"... F or good reasons, economists have had a long-standing preference for studying peoples' revealed preferences; that is, looking at individuals' actual choices and decisions rather than their stated intentions or subjective reports of likes and dislikes. Yet people often make choices that b ..."
Abstract - Cited by 284 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
or pain in the laboratory. An advantage of laboratory experiments is that extraneous aspects of an experience can be controlled, and the unique effect of a stimulus on individuals' experiences can be evaluated. Participants in many experiments in psychology and in consumer research, for example

Short-Term Retention of Individual Verbal Items

by Lloyd R. Peterson, Margaret, Jean Peterson - Journal of Experimental Psychology , 1959
"... It is apparent that the acquisition of verbal habits depends on the effects of a given occasion being carried over into later repetitions of the situation. Nevertheless, textbooks separate acquisition and retention into distinct categories. The limitation of discussions of retention to long-term cha ..."
Abstract - Cited by 245 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
) in his use of the stimulus trace to explain serial phenomena. Again, Underwood (1949) has suggested that forgetting occurs during the acquisition process. But these theoretical considerations have not led to empirical investigation. Hull (1952) quantified the stimulus trace on data concerned with the CS

Connectionist and Diffusion Models of Reaction Time

by Roger Ratcliff, Trisha Van Zandt, Gail McKoon , 1997
"... Two connectionist frameworks, GRAIN (McClelland, 1993) and BSB (Anderson, 1991), and the diffusion model (Ratcliff, 1978) were evaluated using data from a signal detection task. Subjects were asked to choose one of two possible responses to a stimulus and were provided feedback about whether the cho ..."
Abstract - Cited by 234 (54 self) - Add to MetaCart
to the diffusion model. The connectionist learning mechanisms were unable to account for initial learning or abrupt changes in stimulus probability. The results provide an advance in the development of the diffusion model and show that the long tradition of reaction time research and theory is a fertile domain

Competition for consciousness among visual events: the Psychophysics of reentrant visual processes

by Vincent Di Lollo, James T. Enns, Ronald A. Rensink - Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 2000
"... Advances in neuroscience implicate reentrant signaling as the predominant form of communication between brain areas. This principle was used in a series of masking experiments that defy explanation by feed-forward theories. The masking occurs when a brief display of target plus mask is continued wit ..."
Abstract - Cited by 184 (18 self) - Add to MetaCart
-forward views based on inhibitory contour interactions. From the time a stimulus first enters the eye to the time a percept emerges into consciousness, the initial stimulus has been coded at several levels in the visual system. One of the main goals in studying visual information processing is to specify

Initiating event (Stimulus)

by Mohammad Ali Livani, Jörg Kaiser
"... By using a hybrid scheduling algorithm consisting of static offline scheduling and dynamic online scheduling, hard deadlines can be guaranteed, while achieving optimal resource utilization by soft real-time activities. This paper introduces a medium access control (MAC) protocol for a CSMA bus, whic ..."
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By using a hybrid scheduling algorithm consisting of static offline scheduling and dynamic online scheduling, hard deadlines can be guaranteed, while achieving optimal resource utilization by soft real-time activities. This paper introduces a medium access control (MAC) protocol for a CSMA bus, which supports the hybrid scheduling of hard and soft real-time messages on the bus. The key issues considered here, are distinguishing hard and soft real-time constraints, achieving high resource utilization, and avoiding single points of failure by a symmetric distributed medium access control scheme.

Working Paper No. 685 Quantitative Easing, Functional Finance, and the “Neutral ” Interest Rate by

by Alfonso Palacio-vera , 2011
"... who provided the initial stimulus for this project. The usual disclaimer applies. ..."
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who provided the initial stimulus for this project. The usual disclaimer applies.

The Diffusion Decision Model: Theory and Data for Two-Choice Decision Tasks

by Roger Ratcliff, Gail McKoon , 2008
"... The diffusion decision model allows detailed explanations of behavior in two-choice discrimination tasks. In this article, the model is reviewed to show how it translates behavioral data—accuracy, mean response times, and response time distributions—into components of cognitive processing. Three exp ..."
Abstract - Cited by 203 (25 self) - Add to MetaCart
experiments are used to illustrate experimental manipulations of three components: stimulus difficulty affects the quality of information on which a decision is based; instructions emphasizing either speed or accuracy affect the criterial amounts of information that a subject requires before initiating a
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