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138,354
Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: new procedures and recommendations
- PSYCHOLOGICAL METHODS
, 2002
"... Mediation is said to occur when a causal effect of some variable X on an outcome Y is explained by some intervening variable M. The authors recommend that with small to moderate samples, bootstrap methods (B. Efron & R. Tibshirani, 1993) be used to assess mediation. Bootstrap tests are powerful ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 696 (4 self)
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. These models are useful for theory development and testing as well as for the identification of possible points of intervention in applied work. Mediation is equally of interest to experimental psychologists as it is to those who study naturally occurring processes through nonexperimental studies. For example
Propensity Score Matching Methods For Non-Experimental Causal Studies
, 2002
"... This paper considers causal inference and sample selection bias in non-experimental settings in which: (i) few units in the non-experimental comparison group are comparable to the treatment units; and (ii) selecting a subset of comparison units similar to the treatment units is difficult because uni ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 714 (3 self)
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This paper considers causal inference and sample selection bias in non-experimental settings in which: (i) few units in the non-experimental comparison group are comparable to the treatment units; and (ii) selecting a subset of comparison units similar to the treatment units is difficult because
Preference Parameters and Behavioral Heterogeneity: An Experimental Approach in the Health and Retirement Study.”
- Quarterly Journal of Economics
, 1997
"... ..."
The Coordination of Arm Movements: An Experimentally Confirmed Mathematical Model
- Journal of neuroscience
, 1985
"... This paper presents studies of the coordination of volun-tary human arm movements. A mathematical model is for-mulated which is shown to predict both the qualitative fea-tures and the quantitative details observed experimentally in planar, multijoint arm movements. Coordination is modeled mathematic ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 688 (18 self)
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This paper presents studies of the coordination of volun-tary human arm movements. A mathematical model is for-mulated which is shown to predict both the qualitative fea-tures and the quantitative details observed experimentally in planar, multijoint arm movements. Coordination is modeled
An Experimental Comparison of Min-Cut/Max-Flow Algorithms for Energy Minimization in Vision
- IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
, 2001
"... After [10, 15, 12, 2, 4] minimum cut/maximum flow algorithms on graphs emerged as an increasingly useful tool for exact or approximate energy minimization in low-level vision. The combinatorial optimization literature provides many min-cut/max-flow algorithms with different polynomial time compl ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 1315 (53 self)
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complexity. Their practical efficiency, however, has to date been studied mainly outside the scope of computer vision. The goal of this paper
An experimental comparison of three methods for constructing ensembles of decision trees
- Bagging, boosting, and randomization. Machine Learning
, 2000
"... Abstract. Bagging and boosting are methods that generate a diverse ensemble of classifiers by manipulating the training data given to a “base ” learning algorithm. Breiman has pointed out that they rely for their effectiveness on the instability of the base learning algorithm. An alternative approac ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 610 (6 self)
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approach to generating an ensemble is to randomize the internal decisions made by the base algorithm. This general approach has been studied previously by Ali and Pazzani and by Dietterich and Kong. This paper compares the effectiveness of randomization, bagging, and boosting for improving the performance
Exploration, normalization, and summaries of high density oligonucleotide array probe level data.
- Biostatistics,
, 2003
"... SUMMARY In this paper we report exploratory analyses of high-density oligonucleotide array data from the Affymetrix GeneChip R system with the objective of improving upon currently used measures of gene expression. Our analyses make use of three data sets: a small experimental study consisting of f ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 854 (33 self)
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SUMMARY In this paper we report exploratory analyses of high-density oligonucleotide array data from the Affymetrix GeneChip R system with the objective of improving upon currently used measures of gene expression. Our analyses make use of three data sets: a small experimental study consisting
A Study of Cross-Validation and Bootstrap for Accuracy Estimation and Model Selection
- INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
, 1995
"... We review accuracy estimation methods and compare the two most common methods: cross-validation and bootstrap. Recent experimental results on artificial data and theoretical results in restricted settings have shown that for selecting a good classifier from a set of classifiers (model selection), te ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 1283 (11 self)
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We review accuracy estimation methods and compare the two most common methods: cross-validation and bootstrap. Recent experimental results on artificial data and theoretical results in restricted settings have shown that for selecting a good classifier from a set of classifiers (model selection
Loopy belief propagation for approximate inference: An empirical study. In:
- Proceedings of Uncertainty in AI,
, 1999
"... Abstract Recently, researchers have demonstrated that "loopy belief propagation" -the use of Pearl's polytree algorithm in a Bayesian network with loops -can perform well in the context of error-correcting codes. The most dramatic instance of this is the near Shannon-limit performanc ..."
Abstract
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Cited by 676 (15 self)
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and ap proximately 4000 findin nodes, with a number of ob served findings that varies per case. Due to the form of the noisy-or CPTs the complexity of inference is ex ponential in the number of positive findings Results Initial experiments The experimental protocol for the PYRAMID network was as follows
Bricks: Laying the foundations for graspable user interfaces
, 1995
"... We introduce the concept of Graspable User Interfaces which allow direct control of electronic or virtual objects through physical handles for control. These physical artifacts are essentially new input devices which can be tightly coupled or “attached ” to virtual objects for manipulation or for ex ..."
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Cited by 522 (28 self)
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or for expressing action (e.g., to set parameters or for initiating processes). We present three steps in the development of these ideas. First, as a note on research methodology, we outline a series of exploratory studies that were conducted. Secondly, we describe a prototype system called "Bricks &
Results 1 - 10
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