ltaic (PV) electricity production from an intermittent Since 1978, compressed air energy storage (CAES) compressed air can then be released on demand to the CAES plant’s turbo-generator set to generate premium value electricity. The first CAES plant was built in broadened in the ittency of wind g with Cavallo,2 nomic feasibility as turbine (GT) oduction.3–8 The ate underground o the wind farms and shape the

In recent years, many central banks have placed increased emphasis on price stability. Monetary policy—whether expressed in terms of interest rates or growth of monetary aggregates—has been increasingly geared toward the achievement of low and stable inflation. Central bankers and most other observers view price stability as a worthy objective because they think that inflation is costly. Some of these costs involve the average rate of inflation, and others relate to the variability and uncertainty of inflation. But the general idea is that businesses and households are thought to perform poorly when inflation is high and unpredictable. The academic literature contains a lot of theoretical work on the costs of inflation, as reviewed recently by Briault (1995). This analysis provides a presumption that inflation is a bad idea, but the case is not decisive without supporting empirical findings. Although some empirical results (also surveyed by Briault) suggest that inflation is harmful, the evidence is not overwhelming. It is therefore important to carry out additional empirical research on the relation between inflation and economic performance. This article explores this relation in a large sample of countries over the last 30 years.

Our possessions are a major contributor to and reflection of our identities. A variety of evidence is presented supporting this simple and compelling premise. Related streans of research are identified and drawn upon in devetopJng this concept and implications are derived for consumer behavior. Because the construct of exterxJed self involves consumer behavior rather than buyer behavior. It apjpears to be a much richer construct than previous formulations positing a relationship between self-concept and consumer brand choice. Hollow hands clasp ludicrous possessions because they are links in the chain of life If it breaks, they are truly losL—Dichlsr \ 964 W e cannot hope to understand consumer behav-ior without first gaining some understanding of ihe meanings that consumers attach to possessions..• \ key to understanding what possessions mean is rec-ognizing thai, knowingly or unknowingly, intention-ally or unintentionally, we regard our possessions as parts of ourselves. As Tuan argues, "Our fragile sense

Indicators of the development of the financial sector do not improve monotonically over time. In particular, we find that by most measures, countries were more financially developed in 1913 than in 1980 and only recently have they surpassed their 1913 levels. This pattern cannot be explained by structural theories that attribute cross-country differences in financial development to time-invariant factors, such as a country's legal origin or culture. We propose an "interest group" theory of financial development where incumbents oppose financial development because it breeds competition. The theory predicts that incumbents' opposition will be weaker when an economy allows both cross-border trade and capital flows. This theory can go some way in accounting for the cross-country differences and the time series variation of financial development. When we recognize that different kinds of institutional heritages afford different scope for private interests to express themselves, we obtain a...

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... structure. As Levin has addressed (Levin 1985), the decomposition of verbs is proposed for the purposes of accounting for systematic semantic-syntactic correspondences. This results in a series of problems for MT systems: inflexible verb sense definitions; difficulty in handling metaphor and new usages; imprecise lexical selection and insufficient system coverage. It seems one approach is to apply probability methods and statistical models for some of these problems. However, the question reminds: has PSR exhausted the potential of the knowledge-based approach? If not, are there any alternatives that can improve the handling of these problems? We suggest an alternative that represents verb semantic knowledge and accounts for not only fine-tuned systematic semantic-syntactic correspondences, but also semantic-interpretation correspondences. A verb is not represented by a predicate or simple primitives, but by a set of semantic components that are sensitive to the syntactic altern

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This book presents a unified treatment of many different kinds of planning algorithms. The subject lies at the crossroads between robotics, control theory, artificial intelligence, algorithms, and computer graphics. The particular subjects covered include motion planning, discrete planning, planning under uncertainty, sensor-based planning, visibility, decision-theoretic planning, game theory, information spaces, reinforcement learning, nonlinear systems, trajectory planning, nonholonomic planning, and kinodynamic planning.

Abstract not found