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Toward an instance theory of automatization

by Gordon D. Logan - Psychological Review , 1988
"... This article presents a theory in which automatization is construed as the acquisition of a domain-specific knowledge base, formed of separate representations, instances, of each exposure to the task. Processing is considered automatic if it relies on retrieval of stored instances, which will occur ..."
Abstract - Cited by 647 (38 self) - Add to MetaCart
This article presents a theory in which automatization is construed as the acquisition of a domain-specific knowledge base, formed of separate representations, instances, of each exposure to the task. Processing is considered automatic if it relies on retrieval of stored instances, which will occur

Simple Heuristics That Make Us Smart

by Gerd Gigerenzer, Peter M. Todd , 2008
"... To survive in a world where knowledge is limited, time is pressing, and deep thought is often an unattainable luxury, decision-makers must use bounded rationality. In this precis of Simple heuristics that make us smart, we explore fast and frugal heuristics—simple rules for making decisions with re ..."
Abstract - Cited by 456 (15 self) - Add to MetaCart
To survive in a world where knowledge is limited, time is pressing, and deep thought is often an unattainable luxury, decision-makers must use bounded rationality. In this precis of Simple heuristics that make us smart, we explore fast and frugal heuristics—simple rules for making decisions

The Determinants of Credit Spread Changes.

by Pierre Collin-Dufresne , Robert S Goldstein , J Spencer Martin , Gurdip Bakshi , Greg Bauer , Dave Brown , Francesca Carrieri , Peter Christoffersen , Susan Christoffersen , Greg Duffee , Darrell Duffie , Vihang Errunza , Gifford Fong , Mike Gallmeyer , Laurent Gauthier , Rick Green , John Griffin , Jean Helwege , Kris Jacobs , Chris Jones , Andrew Karolyi , Dilip Madan , David Mauer , Erwan Morellec , Federico Nardari , N R Prabhala , Tony Sanders , Sergei Sarkissian , Bill Schwert , Ken Singleton , Chester Spatt , René Stulz - Journal of Finance , 2001
"... ABSTRACT Using dealer's quotes and transactions prices on straight industrial bonds, we investigate the determinants of credit spread changes. Variables that should in theory determine credit spread changes have rather limited explanatory power. Further, the residuals from this regression are ..."
Abstract - Cited by 422 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
-grade bond yield changes on Treasury yield changes and stock returns (see Kwan (1996)) we find that the R 2 falls to five percent when the dependent variable is credit spread changes. Hence, while much is known about yield changes, we have very limited knowledge about the determinants of credit spread

A finite-volume, incompressible Navier–Stokes model for studies of the ocean on parallel computers.

by John Marshall , Alistair Adcroft , Chris Hill , Lev Perelman , Curt Heisey - J. Geophys. Res., , 1997
"... Abstract. The numerical implementation of an ocean model based on the incompressible Navier Stokes equations which is designed for studies of the ocean circulation on horizontal scales less than the depth of the ocean right up to global scale is described. A "pressure correction" method i ..."
Abstract - Cited by 293 (32 self) - Add to MetaCart
, presents the biggest challenge in mapping it onto parallel computers since it demands "communication" across the grid to the boundary and hence between processors. We set out here a method for solving this Poisson equation which exploits knowledge of the dynamics (by separating the pressure field

Remote Agent: To Boldly Go Where No AI System Has Gone Before

by Nicola Muscettola , P. Pandurang Nayak , Barney Pell , Brian C. Williams , 1998
"... Renewed motives for space exploration have inspired NASA to work toward the goal of establishing a virtual presence in space, through heterogeneous effets of robotic explorers. Information technology, and Artificial Intelligence in particular, will play a central role in this endeavor by endowing th ..."
Abstract - Cited by 231 (16 self) - Add to MetaCart
. The Remote Agent integrates constraint-based temporal planning and scheduling, robust multi-threaded execution, and model-based mode identification and reconfiguration. The demonstration of the integrated system as an on-board controller for Deep Space One, NASA's rst New Millennium mission

Job Displacement

by Lori G. Kletzer - Journal of Economic Perspectives, Winter , 1998
"... consumer demand, international competition, and some deep recessions, all contributed to large-scale blue collar job displacement. More recently, corporate downsizing has added large numbers of white collar workers to the group of dislocated workers. A public perception has grown that worklife in th ..."
Abstract - Cited by 205 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
consumer demand, international competition, and some deep recessions, all contributed to large-scale blue collar job displacement. More recently, corporate downsizing has added large numbers of white collar workers to the group of dislocated workers. A public perception has grown that worklife

Getting to scale with good educational practice

by Richard F. Elmore - Harvard Educational Review , 1996
"... How can good educational practice move beyond pockets of excellence to reach a much greater proportion of students and educators? While many children and young adults in school districts and communities around the country have long benefited from the tremendous accomplishments of successful teachers ..."
Abstract - Cited by 206 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
.S. educational practice? This question, I argue, raises a central problem of U.S. education: A significant body of circumstantial evidence points to a deep, sys-temic incapacity of U.S. schools, and the practitioners who work in them, to develop, incorporate, and extend new ideas about teaching and learning

Representation learning: A review and new perspectives.

by Yoshua Bengio , Aaron Courville , Pascal Vincent - of IEEE Conf. Comp. Vision Pattern Recog. (CVPR), , 2005
"... Abstract-The success of machine learning algorithms generally depends on data representation, and we hypothesize that this is because different representations can entangle and hide more or less the different explanatory factors of variation behind the data. Although specific domain knowledge can b ..."
Abstract - Cited by 173 (4 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract-The success of machine learning algorithms generally depends on data representation, and we hypothesize that this is because different representations can entangle and hide more or less the different explanatory factors of variation behind the data. Although specific domain knowledge can

Understanding Student Differences

by Richard M. Felder, Rebecca Brent - Journal of Engineering Education , 2005
"... Students have different levels of motivation, different attitudes about teaching and learning, and different responses to specific classroom environments and instructional practices. The more thoroughly instructors understand the differences, the better chance they have of meeting the diverse learni ..."
Abstract - Cited by 170 (8 self) - Add to MetaCart
learning needs of all of their students. Three categories of diversity that have been shown to have important implications for teaching and learning are differences in students ’ learning styles (characteristic ways of taking in and processing information), approaches to learning (surface, deep

Body and Mind in Early China: An Integrated Humanities–Science Approach

by Edward Slingerland , 2013
"... This article argues against the strong “holist ” position that the early Chinese lacked any concept of mind–body dualism, and more broadly against a “neo-Orientalist ” trend that portrays Chinese thought as radi-cally different from Western thought. In the first half, it makes the case against stron ..."
Abstract - Cited by 1 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
, and further that a huge body of evidence coming out of the cognitive sciences suggests that this is not at all sur-prising. In this section, the role that deep humanistic knowledge can, and should, play in scientific approaches to culture is also explored. The article concludes by suggesting that a mutually
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