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PROBABILITY INEQUALITIES FOR SUMS OF BOUNDED RANDOM VARIABLES

by Wassily Hoeffding , 1962
"... Upper bounds are derived for the probability that the sum S of n independent random variables exceeds its mean ES by a positive number nt. It is assumed that the range of each summand of S is bounded or bounded above. The bounds for Pr(S-ES> nt) depend only on the endpoints of the ranges of the s ..."
Abstract - Cited by 2215 (2 self) - Add to MetaCart
of the smumands and the mean, or the mean and the variance of S. These results are then used to obtain analogous inequalities for certain sums of dependent random variables such as U statistics and the sum of a random sample without replacement from a finite population.

Strategies of Discourse Comprehension

by Teun A. Van Dijk, Walter Kintsch , 1983
"... El Salvador, Guatemala is a, study in black and white. On the left is a collection of extreme Marxist-Leninist groups led by what one diplomat calls “a pretty faceless bunch of people.’ ’ On the right is an entrenched elite that has dominated Central America’s most populous country since a CIA-backe ..."
Abstract - Cited by 628 (27 self) - Add to MetaCart
serious than in EI Salvador, ” declares one Latin American diplomat. “The oligarchy is that much more reactionary. and the choices are far fewer. “ ‘Zero’: The Guatemalan oligarchs hated Jimmy Carter for cutting off U.S. military aid in 1977 to protest human-rights abuses-and the right-wingers hired

Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health.

by Shelley E Taylor , Jonathon D Brown , Nancy Cantor , Edward Emery , Susan Fiske , Tony Green-Wald , Connie Hammen , Darrin Lehman , Chuck Mcclintock , Dick Nisbett , Lee Ross , Bill Swann , Joanne - Psychological Bulletin, , 1988
"... Many prominent theorists have argued that accurate perceptions of the self, the world, and the future are essential for mental health. Yet considerable research evidence suggests that overly positive selfevaluations, exaggerated perceptions of control or mastery, and unrealistic optimism are charac ..."
Abstract - Cited by 988 (20 self) - Add to MetaCart
, the methodologies of social psychology spare us this frustrating conundrum by providing operational definitions. In some cases, evidence for illusions comes from experimental work that manipulates feedback provided to a person (e.g., whether the person succeeded or failed on a task) and measures the individual's

Randomized Experiments from Non-random Selection in the U.S. House Elections

by David S. Lee - Journal of Econometrics , 2008
"... This paper establishes the relatively weak conditions under which causal inferences from a regression-discontinuity (RD) analysis can be as credible as those from a randomized experiment, and hence under which the validity of the RD design can be tested by examining whether or not there is a discont ..."
Abstract - Cited by 377 (17 self) - Add to MetaCart
is as good as randomized in a local neighborhood of V = v0. These ideas are illustrated in an analysis of U.S. House elections, where the inherent uncertainty in the final vote count is plausible, which would imply that the party that wins is essentially randomized among elections decided by a narrow margin

Competitive mechanisms subserve attention in macaque areas V2 and V4

by John H. Reynolds, Leonardo Chelazzi, Robert Desimone - Journal of Neuroscience , 1989
"... It is well established that attention modulates visual processing in extrastriate cortex. However, the underlying neural mechanisms are unknown. A consistent observation is that attention has its greatest impact on neuronal responses when multiple stimuli appear together within a cell’s receptive fi ..."
Abstract - Cited by 370 (14 self) - Add to MetaCart
effect on the neuronal response to a single stimulus. To test this interpretation, we measured the responses of neurons in macaque areas V2 and V4 using a behavioral paradigm that allowed us to isolate automatic sensory processing mechanisms from attentional effects. First, we measured each cell’s

Developments in the Measurement of Subjective Well-Being

by Daniel Kahneman , Alan B Krueger - Psychological Science. , 1993
"... F or good reasons, economists have had a long-standing preference for studying peoples' revealed preferences; that is, looking at individuals' actual choices and decisions rather than their stated intentions or subjective reports of likes and dislikes. Yet people often make choices that b ..."
Abstract - Cited by 284 (7 self) - Add to MetaCart
are a more accurate gauge of actual feelings if they are reported closer to the time of, and in direct reference to, the actual experience. We conclude by proposing the U-index, a misery index of sorts, which measures the proportion of time that people spend in an unpleasant state, and has the virtue

Isolation and functional properties of murine hematopoietic stem cells that are repopulating

by A. Goodell, Katja Brose, Glenn Paradis, A. Stewart Conner, Richard C. Mulligan , 1996
"... Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) are multipotent cells that reside in the bone marrow and replenish all adult hematopoietic hneages throughout the lifetime of the animal. While experimenting with staining of murine bone marrow cells with the vital dye, Hoechst 33342, we discovered that display of Hoec ..."
Abstract - Cited by 238 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
marrow and to be enriched at least 1,000-fold for in vivo reconstitution activity. Further, these Hoechst-stained side population (SP) cells were shown to protect recipients from lethal irradiation at low cell doses, and to contribute to both lymphoid and myeloid lineages. The formation of the Hoechst SP

Methyl mercury in fish: A review of residue levels, fish consumption and regulatory action in the United States. Environ. Health Perspectives 68:203208

by Linda Tollefson, Frank Cordle , 1986
"... The dangers associated with the consumption of large amounts of methylmercury in fish are well recognized, and there is some evidence to suggest that methylmercury may be the cause of subtle neurological impairments when ingested at even low to moderate levels, particularly the prenatal and early ch ..."
Abstract - Cited by 14 (0 self) - Add to MetaCart
. To determine seafood consumption patterns among the continental U.S. population the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has analyzed data from a diary study commissioned by the Tuna Research Foundation. Mercury residue levels in domestic fish sampled by the FDA were used to determine the level of exposure

Pyrosequencing-based assessment of soil pH as a predictor of soil bacterial community structure at the continental scale

by Christian L. Lauber, Micah Hamady, Rob Knight, Noah Fierer - APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY , 2009
"... Soils harbor enormously diverse bacterial populations, and soil bacterial communities can vary greatly in composition across space. However, our understanding of the specific changes in soil bacterial community structure that occur across larger spatial scales is limited because most previous work h ..."
Abstract - Cited by 189 (21 self) - Add to MetaCart
Soils harbor enormously diverse bacterial populations, and soil bacterial communities can vary greatly in composition across space. However, our understanding of the specific changes in soil bacterial community structure that occur across larger spatial scales is limited because most previous work

Factors influencing voluntary annual report disclosures by U.S., U.K. and continental European multinational corporations

by Gary K. Meek, Clare B. Roberts - Journal of International Business Studies , 1995
"... Abstract. This study examines factors influencing the voluntary dis-closures of three types of information (strategic, nonfinancial, financial) contained in the annual reports of MNCs from the U.S., U.K. and Continental Europe. While company size, country/region, listing status, and, to a lesser ext ..."
Abstract - Cited by 116 (1 self) - Add to MetaCart
Abstract. This study examines factors influencing the voluntary dis-closures of three types of information (strategic, nonfinancial, financial) contained in the annual reports of MNCs from the U.S., U.K. and Continental Europe. While company size, country/region, listing status, and, to a lesser
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